| How can I determine what (potentially) modprobe configuration is required to make a Rodecaster Pro work? Posted: 02 May 2021 10:36 AM PDT I want to use a Rodecaster Pro mixer to run my audio. It runs fine on my laptop, but not on my desktop (both running Ubuntu 20.04 with kernel 5.8.18). On my desktop, the input from microphones are working, but sound output is played very slow and distorted as if sampled down - interestingly media playback e.g. from YouTube is slowed down on my screen as well. Never seen something like that before :-) I have more details down below, but the most likely hint that I have so far comes from running dmesg -w on both my machines when plugging in the Rodecaster. The output is: desktop [ 1584.269734] usb 1-4: new high-speed USB device number 7 using xhci_hcd [ 1584.516203] usb 1-4: New USB device found, idVendor=19f7, idProduct=0011, bcdDevice= 2.11 [ 1584.516208] usb 1-4: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3 [ 1584.516210] usb 1-4: Product: RODECaster Pro [ 1584.516212] usb 1-4: Manufacturer: RODE Microphones [ 1584.516213] usb 1-4: SerialNumber: 00000000001A [ 1584.538745] hid-generic 0003:19F7:0011.0007: hiddev3,hidraw6: USB HID v1.10 Device [RODE Microphones RODECaster Pro] on usb-0000:16:00.0-4/input0 [ 1584.553970] usb 1-4: parse_audio_format_rates_v2v3(): unable to retrieve number of sample rates: set it to a predefined value (clock 1). [ 1584.580768] usb 1-4: parse_audio_format_rates_v2v3(): unable to retrieve number of sample rates: set it to a predefined value (clock 1).
laptop [ 122.098370] usb 2-2: new high-speed USB device number 4 using xhci_hcd [ 122.246967] usb 2-2: New USB device found, idVendor=19f7, idProduct=0011, bcdDevice= 2.11 [ 122.246973] usb 2-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3 [ 122.246976] usb 2-2: Product: RODECaster Pro [ 122.246979] usb 2-2: Manufacturer: RODE Microphones [ 122.246982] usb 2-2: SerialNumber: 00000000001A [ 122.285806] hid: raw HID events driver (C) Jiri Kosina [ 122.301802] usb 2-2: parse_audio_format_rates_v2v3(): unable to retrieve number of sample rates: set it to a predefined value (clock 1). [ 122.303041] usb 2-2: parse_audio_format_rates_v2v3(): unable to retrieve number of sample rates: set it to a predefined value (clock 1). [ 122.304413] usbcore: registered new interface driver snd-usb-audio [ 122.307003] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid [ 122.307005] usbhid: USB HID core driver [ 122.348391] hid-generic 0003:19F7:0011.0001: hiddev0,hidraw0: USB HID v1.10 Device [RODE Microphones RODECaster Pro] on usb-0000:00:14.0-2/input0
So, as far as I understand, on my laptop some interface driver is loaded that does the job, right? But not on my desktop. How can I further check what might be different on both platforms to determine what I can do to make the Rodecaster Pro work on my desktop, too? I have learned something about how sound works on Linux already - and I am willing to learn more :-D I assume it might be some form of modprobe configuration problem? More details I have already tried to use different USB ports, 2.0 and 3.0, etc. Didn't make a difference. I have disabled other audio devices via pavucontrol - to no avail. I have disabled the motherboard's audio card and I have removed all other audio output interfaces physically - removed a Soundblaster and my graphics card that could output audio via HDMI. Didn't make a difference. I have booted a plain Ubuntu 21.04 from a pen drive (with not other audio hardware inside) - didn't work. I killed pulse audio (pulseaudio -k) and ran a wav sample using aplay. Sound is still distorted. The Rodecaster Pro registers as a USB HID device, but does not support the UAC2_CS_RANGE usb function call. That's why special handling was introduced to the Linux kernal (https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/tree/sound/usb/format.c?h=v5.8#n412), but that's fine - well, listed in pulse audio at least. My Rodecaster Pro runs firmware 2.1.1, but that's should not be relevant, since it's working on my laptop.  |
| How do I install a package of json-c to a “standard prefix”? Posted: 02 May 2021 10:33 AM PDT OS : OEL 7.7 I'm currently trying to install the latest tpm2-tss, It's installed, but as usual the version is very old (1.4.0-3 compared to 3.0.1) Running ./configure as per the "INSTALL" document, I found some problems below even after installing the json-c pkg . configure: error: Package requirements (json-c) were not met: No package 'json-c' found Consider adjusting the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable if you installed software in a non-standard prefix. Alternatively, you may set the environment variables JSONC_CFLAGS and JSONC_LIBS to avoid the need to call pkg-config. See the pkg-config man page for more details. For reference : #yum install json-c Loaded plugins: ulninfo Package json-c-0.11-4.el7_0.x86_64 already installed and latest version Nothing to do rpm -qa | grep json-c json-c-0.11-4.el7_0.i686 json-c-devel-0.11-4.el7_0.i686 json-c-0.11-4.el7_0.x86_64  |
| AWK print the number of calumn and "ERROR" if it has an empty field and the numer of column and "CORRECT" if it has no empty fileds Posted: 02 May 2021 10:07 AM PDT I have a csv that looks as follows: id,tester,company,chief,previous_test,test,date,result,cost 6582983b-61d4-4371-912d-bbc76bb8208b,Audrey Feest,Pagac-Gorczany,Claudine Moakson,18/02/2019,Passwords,20/05/2020,none,£11897.96 a9f7da04-28cc-4d79-81f2-f911fa23d6ca,Zachery Howe,Crooks Inc,Ranique Dawks,15/07/2018,Eavesdropping,08/17/2020,normal,£2567.87 b751eb22-0cbb-48dd-98a1-2064014441aa,Audrey Feest,Graham-Armstrong and Becker,Peyter Gullen,30/06/2018,Passwords,30/11/2020,none,£14271.56
Using awk I want to print the number of all the rows and a comment "CORRECT" if the column has no empty fields and "ERROR" if the column contains one or more empty fields. I have this: cat test_results.csv | awk -F"," '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) if($i=="") print NR, "ERROR"; else print NR, "CORRECTO"}' 1 CORRECT 1 ERROR 1 CORRECT 2 CORRECT 2 CORRECT 2 ERROR
Unfortunately this command searches for every null space in a row and gives back the row number for every empty and correct field it encounters. How can I change it to get single number of each column with a comment "CORRECT" if there are no empty fields in a column or ERROR if there is one or more empty filed in it? Desired output: 1 ERROR 2 ERROR 3 CORRECT 4 CORRECT 5 ERROR
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| awk: add two columns to csv that are the multiplication of a constant by the last column Posted: 02 May 2021 10:21 AM PDT I am trying to add two new columns to a csv file, that contain the multiplication of the last column to a constant. This last column is formed by the pound symbol and followed by a number. Input: id,tester,company,chief,previous_test,test,date,result,cost 6582983b-61d4-4371-912d-bbc76bb8208b,Audrey Feest,Pagac-Gorczany,Claudine Moakson,18/02/2019,Passwords,20/05/2020,none,£11897.96
Expected Output: id,tester,company,chief,previous_test,test,date,result,cost,day,euro,dollar 6582983b-61d4-4371-912d-bbc76bb8208b,Audrey Feest,Pagac-Gorczany,Claudine Moakson,18/02/2019,Passwords,20/05/2020,none,¬£11897.96,13682.65€,$16538.16
What I've done so far is take a substring of this column and create another two with it, but all I get is two copies of the last column without the pound symbol: awk -F, -v OFS="," 'NR==1 { print $0,"euro,dollar"; next } { w = substr($9, 2); u = substr($9, 2); print $0, w, u }' file.csv
All I have to do now is multiply those 2 columns by a constant each (1.15 and 1.39 respectively) and add the symbols to each column (€ and $), but I get stuck using the print command at the end.  |
| How to propertly permanently rename network interface in LXLE? Posted: 02 May 2021 09:38 AM PDT I have a LXLE 18.04 LTS and wlan adapter with name wlp7s0b1, which I'm not comfortable with. Recommended by all /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules is not present in my installation, although udev is. /lib/udev/rules.d/75-persistent-net-generator.rules is successfully missing from my distribution and udevadm trigger --action=add doesn't change anything. I successfully created a link: ln -s /lib/udev/rules.d/80-net-setup-link.rules /etc/udev/rules.d/80-net-setup-link.rules, but there was no list devices therefore did not help. /etc/network/interfaces in my installation does not contain anything useful, as a netplan.
During my attempts to find at least something, I came across the output of the sudo udevadm info /sys/class/net/wlp7s0b1 command: P: /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.3/0000:07:00.0/bcma0:1/net/wlp7s0b1 E: DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.3/0000:07:00.0/bcma0:1/net/wlp7s0b1 E: DEVTYPE=wlan E: ID_BUS=pci E: ID_MM_CANDIDATE=1 E: ID_MODEL_FROM_DATABASE=BCM4313 802.11bgn Wireless Network Adapter E: ID_MODEL_ID=0x4727 E: ID_NET_NAME_MAC=wlx60d8190f1e84 E: ID_NET_NAME_PATH=wlp7s0b1 E: ID_OUI_FROM_DATABASE=Hon Hai Precision Ind. Co.,Ltd. E: ID_PATH=pci-0000:07:00.0-bcma-1 E: ID_PATH_TAG=pci-0000_07_00_0-bcma-1 E: ID_PCI_CLASS_FROM_DATABASE=Network controller E: ID_PCI_SUBCLASS_FROM_DATABASE=Network controller E: ID_VENDOR_FROM_DATABASE=Broadcom Limited E: ID_VENDOR_ID=0x14e4 E: IFINDEX=3 E: INTERFACE=wlp7s0b1 E: SUBSYSTEM=net E: SYSTEMD_ALIAS=/sys/subsystem/net/devices/wlp7s0b1 E: TAGS=:systemd: E: USEC_INITIALIZED=37531623
In this output, I am very interested in pci-0000:07:00.0-bcma-1. I believe this can be used as a unique identifier instead of a MAC. I would not like to be tied to MAC, since it can be changed with utilities like macchanger, and then, probably, the old name can return. Or is there a binding to the permanent MAC embedded in the chip? How do I permanently change the name of an interface based on its ID_PATH using udev? Is this renaming method correct?  |
| What is ExecStart=? Posted: 02 May 2021 09:35 AM PDT I try to understand what is Execstart= exactly. I have checked some documentation. Here, it says: ExecStart=: This specifies the full path and the arguments of the command to be executed to start the process. This may only be specified once (except for "oneshot" services). If the path to the command is preceded by a dash "-" character, non-zero exit statuses will be accepted without marking the unit activation as failed. For a kube-apiserver service of K8s, i have found this: ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver --advertise-address=${INTERNAL_IP} --allow-privileged=true --apiserver-count=3 --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC --bind-address=0.0.0.0 --enable-swagger-ui=true --etcd-servers=https://127.0.0.1:2379 --event-ttl=1h --runtime-config=api/all --service-cluster-ip-range=10.32.0.0/24 --service-node-port-range=30000-32767 --v=2
So where do we declare ExecStart ? Inside an executable? Or in a config file of a service?  |
| Mapping the Linux keyboard to match MacOS keys Posted: 02 May 2021 09:15 AM PDT I use a Linux PC at work but a MacBook at home, and the constant switch between keyboard layouts is bothersome. I would love a way to "remap" the keys of my Ubuntu computer so that they would function in the same way as my MacBook and feel "natural" to my fingers. Basically, I would like the Left Alt key to function as a Ctrl key, the Win key as an Option key, and the Ctrl key as an Alt key. I'd also like the Caps Lock to toggle language input settings if possible.  |
| custom kernel module not being compiled Posted: 02 May 2021 08:42 AM PDT I'm playing with linux kernel, trying to write some modules. I added them in the linux sources, under /drivers/my_module/my_module.c. (I'm using kernel 4.9, on debian 9, make 4.1) Here it is: #include <linux/module.h> __init static int my_module_init(void) { pr_info("Hello World!\n"); return 0; } __exit static void my_module_exit(void) { return; } module_init(my_module_init); module_exit(my_module_exit);
I wrote a simple Kconfig and Makefile : Makefile: obj-$(CONFIG_MY_MODULE) += my_module.o Kconfig: menu "My first module" config MY_MODULE bool "My module" help The dumbest kernel module you could find on the market ! endmenu
I added it in the Kconfig and Makefile in /drivers : Kconfig : source "drivers/my_module/Kconfig" Makefile: obj-$(CONFIG_MY_MODULE) += my_module/ I thought, so far so good, however, when i add my CONFIG_MY_MODULE=y in the .config file of linux, it is not compiled when i run make (it does no appear in the compile output, and nothing appears in the traces when booting the kernel), and i can't understand why. My guess is that it has to do with the variable not being defined in the drivers/Makefile, but it seems that other modules uses the same strategy, and they are compiled with the kernel. So i guess i'm missing something, but i can't really figure out what.  |
| Linux Kernel vs Distro & Installation process and requirements (ARM vs x86) - How It Actually Works? Posted: 02 May 2021 08:34 AM PDT Hi everyone (from noobs to geeks and SU!), I am one of the beginners that can't sleep at night if I didn't get it right, so here's my questions about Linux and the whole installation process and how it works: We all know that OS's require processing unit and storage to properly function. We all understand that processing unit includes various components depending on the type on computer it defines. We can obviously name the core components, like Processor, RAM, mother-board and storage, and most of us understand the reason those exist and we all can imagine in a way, the way those work with each other so they bound into this amazing machine we all use in way or another. What is annoying these days is that it's hard to understand if the OS is built for the HW or vice-versa. I have hardly tried to understand why can't we install what-ever OS on what-ever machine. Like all machines are built on the same architecture (mother-board, CPU, RAM, storage and other modules) but you can hardly install Linux on any machine out there, not to mention Windows or Mac OS. Is there a chance we can get a clear answer why is this so unachievable? I am using Linux as the main OS, and this has happened since the day I first installed it. It took me not more than 6 months to delete Win10 from the dual-boot grub menu. I am so grateful to Linux community and I want to thank all developers to make Linux happen, and I am confident that if it stays the way it is at the moment it will easily dominate the OS-usage charts of the future. It might lack some user-friendliness in some ways but still is so amazing that we will wait for the dev's to make all our requirements possible. But how does it work... Actually the reason I am writing all these sentimental sentences is to be able to understand how does Linux actually works. For example I use an AMD based ultrabook that has an CPU that is able to run any OS. The thing that catches me is that I would love to install Linux on my tablet as well. I use a Galaxy Tab S4 (with a keyboard and a mouse). Yes, DEX is amazing, but standing in front of it today, I was wondering "THIS THING COULD BE A LINUX MACHINE!" And I started shoveling for ways to install Linux on it. So far I did install an Ubuntu version of Linux that runs from terminal. That is amazing but still... Is it that impossible to install a full fledged Linux distro on a machine that has an ARM based CPU, RAM and storage? Please let me understand why is this impossible and if there is any work-around's to make it possible! And if there is someone able to explain properly why Linux cannot be installed on this machine in an easy manner, as if it is installed on a laptop or desktop. Kind regards, and thank you for your time and patience with the noobs! :)  |
| LVM + how to remove physical volume Posted: 02 May 2021 09:47 AM PDT from lsblk we have the following: NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 372.6G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part /boot └─sda2 8:2 0 372.1G 0 part ├─vger-root 253:0 0 50G 0 lvm / ├─vger-swap 253:1 0 4G 0 lvm [SWAP] └─vger-lv_var 253:2 0 318.1G 0 lvm /var . . . sdr 65:16 0 372.6G 0 disk ├─sdr1 65:17 0 512M 0 part └─sdr2 65:18 0 372.1G 0 part └─qw127 9:127 0 372G 0 raid1 ├─vger-lv_swap 253:3 0 16G 0 lvm └─vger-lv_root 253:4 0 100G 0 lvm
this below configuration defined the raid1 mirror software raid1 and from pvs we have the following PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/qw127 vger lvm2 a-- 371.98g 155.98g /dev/sda2 vger lvm2 a-- 372.12g 60.00m
is it possible to remove the PV - /dev/qw127 vger lvm2 a-- 371.98g 155.98g ? so we get only this from pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sda2 vger lvm2 a-- 372.12g 60.00m
when we do: pvmove /dev/qw127 Physical Volume "/dev/qw127" not found in Volume Group "vger" vgreduce vger /dev/qw127 Failed to find physical volume "/dev/qw127".
we get the above failed  |
| How to redirect all outgoing 21/22 port traffic via proxy Posted: 02 May 2021 08:02 AM PDT I need to setup some chain for ssh connections. How i can proxy all outgoing ssh/ftp traffic to my local proxy port with iptables?  |
| Linux IO concept of non-controlling terminal Posted: 02 May 2021 07:56 AM PDT When one runs bash as init bash doesn't have a controlling terminal. But it still can write to and read from the terminal configured in the console parameter in the kernel command line. Then if I run busybox login I suppose it starts a session and acquires a controlling terminal because backspace starts working and I can exit with CTRL+C. And it's still using the same terminal that the bash without a controlling terminal used (ttyAMA0 UART in my case). So I suppose besides the concept of controlling terminal there should be another concept of the terminal that is used by a process when there is no controlling terminal. I'm trying to find the name of the concept to read up on it.  |
| Frequent Disconnects on Linux Posted: 02 May 2021 09:58 AM PDT I have problems with my internet connection on a Debian Linux Distribution (Zorin OS). I am connected to the router with an ethernet cable. They do not occur with windows on the same hardware and do not happen from a specific trigger as far as I can tell but seem random. I suspect that every now and then the connection to the router is lost for a second or so. These are the problems that manifest: - Downloads will almost never finish on the first try. I usually need to restart them every 2-3 times because there was a "network error"
- Chrome regularly (almost every second page I open) shows an error "ERR_NETWORK_CHANGED". It always works after a reload.
- SSE connections are always dropped after a few seconds even though the reconnect always works flawlessly
- ssh-connections to my server are constantly dropped with the error packet_write_wait: Connection to myserver-ip port 22: Broken pipe
Unfortunately I have no idea how to further debug or fix this problem since I can't even consistently replicate it.  |
| Strange empty bash_history-*.tmp files in my $HOME folder Posted: 02 May 2021 07:58 AM PDT There are exactly 169 empty .bash_history-*.tmp in my home folder that were created on the same day (April 16 2021) without my knowledge. Files have only read and write permission for the owner. I am not sure what made this to happen. It has never happened in 5 years of my Linux journey(Both desktop and servers). Even stranger thing is that my default shell is not bash but its zsh. It would be great if someone could help me figure out what actually happened(if possible) or has it happened to someone else before? thank you in advance. Here it is .-(~)(user@host) `-->> find . -name '.*.tmp' -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-01407.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-01810.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-02487.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-03675.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08255.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08260.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08283.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08326.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08434.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08450.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08550.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08581.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08649.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08676.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08683.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08697.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08698.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08712.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08717.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08742.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08743.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08819.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08841.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08878.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08884.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08904.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08914.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-08962.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09060.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09116.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09157.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09201.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09212.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09228.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09247.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09248.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09265.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09274.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09283.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09331.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09366.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09397.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09445.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09501.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09507.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09548.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09597.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09632.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09701.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09760.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09904.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-09992.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-10059.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-10158.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-10166.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-10170.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-10320.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-10536.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-10594.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-10631.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-10714.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-10753.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-11127.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-11189.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-11494.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-11514.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-11697.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-11774.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-11827.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-11973.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12002.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12266.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12316.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12331.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12357.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12377.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12393.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12399.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12400.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12405.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12413.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12417.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12435.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12475.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12513.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12563.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12644.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12648.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12656.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12743.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12779.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12801.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12803.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12817.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12868.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-12971.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13005.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13013.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13020.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13033.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13042.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13047.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13065.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13074.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13089.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13090.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13092.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13094.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13097.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13099.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13145.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13162.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13184.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13202.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13203.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13206.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13208.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13218.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13219.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13220.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13250.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13313.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13316.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13320.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13322.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13323.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13341.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13360.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13388.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13489.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13530.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13566.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13575.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13576.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13630.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13640.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13675.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-13717.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14153.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14156.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14167.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14204.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14254.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14256.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14265.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14267.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14331.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14332.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14359.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14368.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14693.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14792.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14922.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14923.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14928.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14931.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14933.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14943.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14947.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14951.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14955.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-14968.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-30961.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-31005.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-31110.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-31142.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-32057.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-32358.tmp -rw------- 1 user user 0 Apr 16 17:40 .bash_history-32434.tmp
FYI: someone helped me find a similar post on archlinuxforum but it doesn't answer my question.  |
| lm_sensors not reporting individual core temps on AM4/B450 Posted: 02 May 2021 07:46 AM PDT This is the output from sensors on my machine, Ryzen 5 3600X on a Biostar B450MH: amdgpu-pci-0a00 Adapter: PCI adapter vddgfx: 725.00 mV fan1: 0 RPM (min = 0 RPM, max = 3630 RPM) edge: +45.0°C (crit = +100.0°C, hyst = -273.1°C) (emerg = +105.0°C) junction: +45.0°C (crit = +110.0°C, hyst = -273.1°C) (emerg = +115.0°C) mem: +46.0°C (crit = +105.0°C, hyst = -273.1°C) (emerg = +110.0°C) power1: 10.00 W (cap = 190.00 W) acpitz-acpi-0 Adapter: ACPI interface temp1: +38.0°C (crit = +127.0°C) k10temp-pci-00c3 Adapter: PCI adapter Tctl: +38.1°C Tdie: +38.1°C Tccd1: +39.5°C
I ran sensors-detect prior to this and allowed all checks to be made. Shouldn't k10temp be reporting individual core temperatures like coretemp for Intel CPUs?  |
| Elapsed time counting Posted: 02 May 2021 09:28 AM PDT I have a small script (basically very easy this is the first I wrote) and likes to know the elapsed time, how long it takes when it is finished. Is it possible to count the difference between the two variable? ($SSS and $EEE), I did try with the $SECONDS as well but it gives 0 as a result. Probably a different way needs to be used to make this work, so I need need regarding how can I solve this. My script: echo "****************************************************************************" SECONDS=0 #!/bin/bash SSS=$(date '+%Y.%m.%d. @ %H:%M:%S') echo "Start time: ${SSS}" echo "" echo "Starting update and upgrade" echo "===================================" sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y echo "" echo "Starting autoremove" echo "===================================" sudo apt-get autoremove -y echo "" echo "Starting autoclean" echo "===================================" sudo apt-get autoclean -y echo "" echo "Check for Pi-Hole update" echo "===================================" sudo pihole -up echo "" echo "Starting gravity update for Pi-Hole" echo "===================================" sudo pihole -g echo "" EEE=$(date '+%Y.%m.%d. @ %H:%M:%S') echo "Start time: ${SSS}" echo "End time: ${EEE}" duration=$SECONDS echo "Elapsed time $(($duration / 60)) minutes and $(($duration % 60)) seconds." echo "****************************************************************************"
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| backslash (\) position in nftables grammar Posted: 02 May 2021 10:00 AM PDT As the webpage describe:
nftables guide ; = more commands or parameters to follow \ = break a rule into multiple lines
For the command : nft add chain ip traffic-filter output { type filter hook output priority 0 \; policy accept\; }
I read it as nft add chain ip traffic-filter output { type filter hook output priority 0 ; policy accept ; }
What puzzle me is the position of \,why not put it behind : to break lines such as : nft add chain ip traffic-filter output { type filter hook output priority 0 ;\ policy accept ; \}
?  |
| USB camera not working, recognized as keyboard Posted: 02 May 2021 09:36 AM PDT Plugging in a USB UVC camera is being detected, but recognized as a keyboard, on a laptop running Fedora 34. cheese does not see this camera as an input device, only the built-in webcam.
How can I get the camera to be detected correctly? journalctl output:
kernel: usb 2-2: new high-speed USB device number 5 using xhci_hcd kernel: usb 2-2: New USB device found, idVendor=1a40, idProduct=0801, bcdDevice= 1.00 kernel: usb 2-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=1, SerialNumber=0 kernel: usb 2-2: Product: USB 2.0 Hub kernel: hub 2-2:1.0: USB hub found kernel: hub 2-2:1.0: 4 ports detected upowerd[1618]: treating change event as add on /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb2/2-2 kernel: usb 2-2.4: new high-speed USB device number 6 using xhci_hcd kernel: usb 2-2.4: New USB device found, idVendor=2b16, idProduct=6689, bcdDevice= 6.19 kernel: usb 2-2.4: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3 kernel: usb 2-2.4: Product: DP 5M CAM kernel: usb 2-2.4: Manufacturer: SunplusIT Inc kernel: usb 2-2.4: SerialNumber: 01.00.00 kernel: uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.00 device DP 5M CAM (2b16:6689) kernel: input: DP 5M CAM: DP 5M CAM as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb2/2-2/2-2.4/2-2.4:1.0/input/input22 mtp-probe[6920]: checking bus 2, device 6: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb2/2-2/2-2.4" mtp-probe[6920]: bus: 2, device: 6 was not an MTP device /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[2187]: (II) config/udev: Adding input device DP 5M CAM: DP 5M CAM (/dev/input/event19) /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[2187]: (**) DP 5M CAM: DP 5M CAM: Applying InputClass "evdev keyboard catchall" /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[2187]: (**) DP 5M CAM: DP 5M CAM: Applying InputClass "libinput keyboard catchall" /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[2187]: (**) DP 5M CAM: DP 5M CAM: Applying InputClass "system-keyboard" /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[2187]: (II) Using input driver 'libinput' for 'DP 5M CAM: DP 5M CAM' /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[2187]: (II) systemd-logind: got fd for /dev/input/event19 13:83 fd 76 paused 0 /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[2187]: (**) DP 5M CAM: DP 5M CAM: always reports core events /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[2187]: (**) Option "Device" "/dev/input/event19" /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[2187]: (**) Option "_source" "server/udev" /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[2187]: (II) event19 - DP 5M CAM: DP 5M CAM: is tagged by udev as: Keyboard /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[2187]: (II) event19 - DP 5M CAM: DP 5M CAM: device is a keyboard /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[2187]: (II) event19 - DP 5M CAM: DP 5M CAM: device removed /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[2187]: (**) Option "config_info" "udev:/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb2/2-2/2-2.4/2-2.4:1.0/input/input22/event19" /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[2187]: (II) XINPUT: Adding extended input device "DP 5M CAM: DP 5M CAM" (type: KEYBOARD, id 16) /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[2187]: (**) Option "xkb_layout" "us,ca" /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[2187]: (**) Option "xkb_variant" ",multix" /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[2187]: (II) event19 - DP 5M CAM: DP 5M CAM: is tagged by udev as: Keyboard /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[2187]: (II) event19 - DP 5M CAM: DP 5M CAM: device is a keyboard mtp-probe[6952]: checking bus 2, device 6: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb2/2-2/2-2.4" mtp-probe[6952]: bus: 2, device: 6 was not an MTP device /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[6954]: The XKEYBOARD keymap compiler (xkbcomp) reports: /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[6954]: > Error: Key <MDSW> added to map for multiple modifiers /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[6954]: > Using Mod3, ignoring Mod5. /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[6954]: > Warning: Could not resolve keysym XF86FullScreen /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[6954]: Errors from xkbcomp are not fatal to the X server
lsusb -vv output:
Bus 002 Device 010: ID 2b16:6689 SunplusIT Inc DP 5M CAM Device Descriptor: bLength 18 bDescriptorType 1 bcdUSB 2.00 bDeviceClass 239 Miscellaneous Device bDeviceSubClass 2 bDeviceProtocol 1 Interface Association bMaxPacketSize0 64 idVendor 0x2b16 idProduct 0x6689 bcdDevice 6.19 iManufacturer 1 SunplusIT Inc iProduct 2 DP 5M CAM iSerial 3 01.00.00 bNumConfigurations 1 Configuration Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 2 wTotalLength 0x021f bNumInterfaces 2 bConfigurationValue 1 iConfiguration 0 bmAttributes 0x80 (Bus Powered) MaxPower 500mA Interface Association: bLength 8 bDescriptorType 11 bFirstInterface 0 bInterfaceCount 2 bFunctionClass 14 Video bFunctionSubClass 3 Video Interface Collection bFunctionProtocol 0 iFunction 4 DP 5M CAM Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 0 bAlternateSetting 0 bNumEndpoints 1 bInterfaceClass 14 Video bInterfaceSubClass 1 Video Control bInterfaceProtocol 0 iInterface 4 DP 5M CAM VideoControl Interface Descriptor: bLength 13 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 1 (HEADER) bcdUVC 1.00 wTotalLength 0x006d dwClockFrequency 48.000000MHz bInCollection 1 baInterfaceNr( 0) 1 VideoControl Interface Descriptor: bLength 18 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 2 (INPUT_TERMINAL) bTerminalID 1 wTerminalType 0x0201 Camera Sensor bAssocTerminal 0 iTerminal 0 wObjectiveFocalLengthMin 0 wObjectiveFocalLengthMax 0 wOcularFocalLength 0 bControlSize 3 bmControls 0x0000000a Auto-Exposure Mode Exposure Time (Absolute) VideoControl Interface Descriptor: bLength 11 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 5 (PROCESSING_UNIT) Warning: Descriptor too short bUnitID 2 bSourceID 1 wMaxMultiplier 16384 bControlSize 2 bmControls 0x0000157f Brightness Contrast Hue Saturation Sharpness Gamma White Balance Temperature Backlight Compensation Power Line Frequency White Balance Temperature, Auto iProcessing 0 bmVideoStandards 0x1d None PAL - 625/50 SECAM - 625/50 NTSC - 625/50 VideoControl Interface Descriptor: bLength 29 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 6 (EXTENSION_UNIT) bUnitID 3 guidExtensionCode {0fb885c3-68c2-4547-90f7-8f47579d95fc} bNumControls 5 bNrInPins 1 baSourceID( 0) 2 bControlSize 4 bmControls( 0) 0x1f bmControls( 1) 0x00 bmControls( 2) 0x00 bmControls( 3) 0x00 iExtension 0 VideoControl Interface Descriptor: bLength 29 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 6 (EXTENSION_UNIT) bUnitID 4 guidExtensionCode {63610682-5070-49ab-b8cc-b3855e8d221d} bNumControls 25 bNrInPins 1 baSourceID( 0) 3 bControlSize 4 bmControls( 0) 0xff bmControls( 1) 0xff bmControls( 2) 0x77 bmControls( 3) 0x07 iExtension 0 VideoControl Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 3 (OUTPUT_TERMINAL) bTerminalID 5 wTerminalType 0x0101 USB Streaming bAssocTerminal 0 bSourceID 4 iTerminal 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x87 EP 7 IN bmAttributes 3 Transfer Type Interrupt Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0010 1x 16 bytes bInterval 8 Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 1 bAlternateSetting 0 bNumEndpoints 0 bInterfaceClass 14 Video bInterfaceSubClass 2 Video Streaming bInterfaceProtocol 0 iInterface 0 VideoStreaming Interface Descriptor: bLength 14 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 1 (INPUT_HEADER) bNumFormats 1 wTotalLength 0x00d3 bEndPointAddress 129 bmInfo 0 bTerminalLink 5 bStillCaptureMethod 1 bTriggerSupport 0 bTriggerUsage 0 bControlSize 1 bmaControls( 0) 4 VideoStreaming Interface Descriptor: bLength 11 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 6 (FORMAT_MJPEG) bFormatIndex 1 bNumFrameDescriptors 6 bFlags 1 Fixed-size samples: Yes bDefaultFrameIndex 1 bAspectRatioX 0 bAspectRatioY 0 bmInterlaceFlags 0x00 Interlaced stream or variable: No Fields per frame: 1 fields Field 1 first: No Field pattern: Field 1 only bCopyProtect 0 VideoStreaming Interface Descriptor: bLength 30 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 7 (FRAME_MJPEG) bFrameIndex 1 bmCapabilities 0x01 Still image supported wWidth 1920 wHeight 1080 dwMinBitRate 829440000 dwMaxBitRate 829440000 dwMaxVideoFrameBufferSize 4147200 dwDefaultFrameInterval 400000 bFrameIntervalType 1 dwFrameInterval( 0) 400000 VideoStreaming Interface Descriptor: bLength 30 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 7 (FRAME_MJPEG) bFrameIndex 2 bmCapabilities 0x01 Still image supported wWidth 2592 wHeight 1944 dwMinBitRate 1612431360 dwMaxBitRate 1612431360 dwMaxVideoFrameBufferSize 10077696 dwDefaultFrameInterval 500000 bFrameIntervalType 1 dwFrameInterval( 0) 500000 VideoStreaming Interface Descriptor: bLength 30 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 7 (FRAME_MJPEG) bFrameIndex 3 bmCapabilities 0x01 Still image supported wWidth 1280 wHeight 720 dwMinBitRate 368640000 dwMaxBitRate 368640000 dwMaxVideoFrameBufferSize 1843200 dwDefaultFrameInterval 400000 bFrameIntervalType 1 dwFrameInterval( 0) 400000 VideoStreaming Interface Descriptor: bLength 30 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 7 (FRAME_MJPEG) bFrameIndex 4 bmCapabilities 0x01 Still image supported wWidth 640 wHeight 480 dwMinBitRate 122880000 dwMaxBitRate 122880000 dwMaxVideoFrameBufferSize 614400 dwDefaultFrameInterval 400000 bFrameIntervalType 1 dwFrameInterval( 0) 400000 VideoStreaming Interface Descriptor: bLength 30 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 7 (FRAME_MJPEG) bFrameIndex 5 bmCapabilities 0x01 Still image supported wWidth 1600 wHeight 1200 dwMinBitRate 768000000 dwMaxBitRate 768000000 dwMaxVideoFrameBufferSize 3840000 dwDefaultFrameInterval 400000 bFrameIntervalType 1 dwFrameInterval( 0) 400000 VideoStreaming Interface Descriptor: bLength 30 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 7 (FRAME_MJPEG) bFrameIndex 6 bmCapabilities 0x01 Still image supported wWidth 2048 wHeight 1936 dwMinBitRate 1268776960 dwMaxBitRate 1268776960 dwMaxVideoFrameBufferSize 7929856 dwDefaultFrameInterval 500000 bFrameIntervalType 1 dwFrameInterval( 0) 500000 VideoStreaming Interface Descriptor: bLength 6 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 13 (COLORFORMAT) bColorPrimaries 1 (BT.709,sRGB) bTransferCharacteristics 1 (BT.709) bMatrixCoefficients 4 (SMPTE 170M (BT.601)) Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 1 bAlternateSetting 1 bNumEndpoints 1 bInterfaceClass 14 Video bInterfaceSubClass 2 Video Streaming bInterfaceProtocol 0 iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN bmAttributes 5 Transfer Type Isochronous Synch Type Asynchronous Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x00c0 1x 192 bytes bInterval 1 Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 1 bAlternateSetting 2 bNumEndpoints 1 bInterfaceClass 14 Video bInterfaceSubClass 2 Video Streaming bInterfaceProtocol 0 iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN bmAttributes 5 Transfer Type Isochronous Synch Type Asynchronous Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0180 1x 384 bytes bInterval 1 Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 1 bAlternateSetting 3 bNumEndpoints 1 bInterfaceClass 14 Video bInterfaceSubClass 2 Video Streaming bInterfaceProtocol 0 iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN bmAttributes 5 Transfer Type Isochronous Synch Type Asynchronous Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes bInterval 1 Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 1 bAlternateSetting 4 bNumEndpoints 1 bInterfaceClass 14 Video bInterfaceSubClass 2 Video Streaming bInterfaceProtocol 0 iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN bmAttributes 5 Transfer Type Isochronous Synch Type Asynchronous Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0280 1x 640 bytes bInterval 1 Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 1 bAlternateSetting 5 bNumEndpoints 1 bInterfaceClass 14 Video bInterfaceSubClass 2 Video Streaming bInterfaceProtocol 0 iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN bmAttributes 5 Transfer Type Isochronous Synch Type Asynchronous Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0320 1x 800 bytes bInterval 1 Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 1 bAlternateSetting 6 bNumEndpoints 1 bInterfaceClass 14 Video bInterfaceSubClass 2 Video Streaming bInterfaceProtocol 0 iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN bmAttributes 5 Transfer Type Isochronous Synch Type Asynchronous Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x03b0 1x 944 bytes bInterval 1 Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 1 bAlternateSetting 7 bNumEndpoints 1 bInterfaceClass 14 Video bInterfaceSubClass 2 Video Streaming bInterfaceProtocol 0 iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN bmAttributes 5 Transfer Type Isochronous Synch Type Asynchronous Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0a80 2x 640 bytes bInterval 1 Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 1 bAlternateSetting 8 bNumEndpoints 1 bInterfaceClass 14 Video bInterfaceSubClass 2 Video Streaming bInterfaceProtocol 0 iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN bmAttributes 5 Transfer Type Isochronous Synch Type Asynchronous Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0b20 2x 800 bytes bInterval 1 Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 1 bAlternateSetting 9 bNumEndpoints 1 bInterfaceClass 14 Video bInterfaceSubClass 2 Video Streaming bInterfaceProtocol 0 iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN bmAttributes 5 Transfer Type Isochronous Synch Type Asynchronous Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0be0 2x 992 bytes bInterval 1 Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 1 bAlternateSetting 10 bNumEndpoints 1 bInterfaceClass 14 Video bInterfaceSubClass 2 Video Streaming bInterfaceProtocol 0 iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN bmAttributes 5 Transfer Type Isochronous Synch Type Asynchronous Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x13c0 3x 960 bytes bInterval 1 Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 1 bAlternateSetting 11 bNumEndpoints 1 bInterfaceClass 14 Video bInterfaceSubClass 2 Video Streaming bInterfaceProtocol 0 iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN bmAttributes 5 Transfer Type Isochronous Synch Type Asynchronous Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x13fc 3x 1020 bytes bInterval 1 Device Qualifier (for other device speed): bLength 10 bDescriptorType 6 bcdUSB 2.00 bDeviceClass 239 Miscellaneous Device bDeviceSubClass 2 bDeviceProtocol 1 Interface Association bMaxPacketSize0 64 bNumConfigurations 1 can't get debug descriptor: Resource temporarily unavailable Device Status: 0x0000 (Bus Powered)
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| Bash - remove dashes and new-lines before replacing new-lines with spaces Posted: 02 May 2021 09:41 AM PDT I have a bunch of text files in the following format: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. - At vero eos et accu- sam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. - Stet clita kasd guber- gren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.
How can I print this as continuous text on the command line, but with removing the syllable division on the line ends: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. - At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. - Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.
I could use tr '\n' ' ' to convert the new-lines into spaces The problem is tr can only replace one character and I would need some command to remove the -\n in advance. How can I achieve this on the bash comman-line?  |
| Use xmlstarlet to remove an entire element that matches an attribute value? Posted: 02 May 2021 10:32 AM PDT My question is similar to sed - Delete XML node containing certain element - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange. Trying to implement the suggestions there has kept me busy all day, but I haven't managed to get anything to work, so I am posting a question. Within a bash script, I need to remove an entire <folder> element when the id attribute matches a given value. I'm actually using user-groups to do part of this. Say a user is not in the group folder_a; then the entire <folder> element with attribute id=".Folder_A" should be deleted from config.xml. (I also delete the folder from disk.) My bash script looks like this: #!/bin/bash grouplist=$(groups $theuser); for foldername in '.Folder_A' '.Folder_B'; do grpnm="${foldername,,}"|sed -e 's/^.//' if ! [[ $grouplist =~ ${grpnm} ]]; then perl -0777 -pe "s|(<folder.*?</folder>)|$1=~ /id=\"$foldername\"/?"":$1|gse" config.xml > config.xml rm -fr "$foldername" else echo "permitting access to ${foldername}" fi done
The perl command is not working. It is just one of many variants I have tried. I also tried sed. I would prefer to use xmlstarlet, but I had even more trouble with it. Edit - I just found this answer: https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/339089/393289 It helped me come up with this: xml ed -d '//configuration/folder[contains(@id,".Folder_A")]' config.xml
I feel like I am closer now. (I tried to upvote that answer but I don't have enough rep yet.) However, I can't translate the attribute name into a bash variable yet due to the quote marks or something else. BTW, how do I make that perform an in-place edit (similar to the sed -i command) once I get it working? Here's an example config.xml file: <?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration version="32"> <folder id=".Folder_A" label=".Folder_A" path="~/Sync/.Folder_A" type="sendreceive" rescanIntervalS="3600" fsWatcherEnabled="true" fsWatcherDelayS="10" ignorePerms="false" autoNormalize="true"> <filesystemType>basic</filesystemType> <device id="123ABC" introducedBy=""> <encryptionPassword/> </device> <device id="987ZYX" introducedBy=""> <encryptionPassword/> </device> <minDiskFree unit="">0</minDiskFree> <versioning> <cleanupIntervalS>0</cleanupIntervalS> </versioning> <copiers>0</copiers> <disableSparseFiles>false</disableSparseFiles> <disableTempIndexes>false</disableTempIndexes> <paused>false</paused> <weakHashThresholdPct>25</weakHashThresholdPct> <markerName>.stfolder</markerName> </folder> <folder id=".Folder_B" label="Corporate (.Folder_B)" path="~/Sync/.Folder_B" type="sendreceive" rescanIntervalS="3600" fsWatcherEnabled="true" fsWatcherDelayS="5" ignorePerms="true" autoNormalize="false"> <filesystemType>basic</filesystemType> <device id="123ABC" introducedBy=""> <encryptionPassword/> </device> <device id="987ZYX" introducedBy=""> <encryptionPassword/> </device> <minDiskFree unit="">0</minDiskFree> <versioning> <cleanupIntervalS>0</cleanupIntervalS> </versioning> <copiers>0</copiers> <disableSparseFiles>false</disableSparseFiles> <disableTempIndexes>false</disableTempIndexes> <paused>false</paused> <weakHashThresholdPct>25</weakHashThresholdPct> <markerName>.stfolder</markerName> </folder> <device id="123ABC" name="laptop" compression="always" introducer="false" skipIntroductionRemovals="false" introducedBy=""> <paused>false</paused> <autoAcceptFolders>true</autoAcceptFolders> <maxSendKbps>0</maxSendKbps> <maxRecvKbps>0</maxRecvKbps> <maxRequestKiB>0</maxRequestKiB> <untrusted>false</untrusted> </device> <device id="987ZYX" name="desktop" compression="always" introducer="false" skipIntroductionRemovals="false" introducedBy=""> <paused>false</paused> <autoAcceptFolders>true</autoAcceptFolders> <maxSendKbps>0</maxSendKbps> <maxRecvKbps>0</maxRecvKbps> <maxRequestKiB>0</maxRequestKiB> <untrusted>false</untrusted> </device> <gui enabled="true" tls="true" debugging="false"> <address>127.0.0.1:8384</address> <apikey>98qewr0qe9r</apikey> <theme>default</theme> </gui> <ldap/> <options> <listenAddress></listenAddress> <maxSendKbps>0</maxSendKbps> <maxRecvKbps>0</maxRecvKbps> <reconnectionIntervalS>60</reconnectionIntervalS> <relaysEnabled>false</relaysEnabled> <relayReconnectIntervalM>10</relayReconnectIntervalM> <startBrowser>false</startBrowser> <urAccepted>-1</urAccepted> <urSeen>3</urSeen> <urUniqueID/> <urPostInsecurely>false</urPostInsecurely> <urInitialDelayS>1800</urInitialDelayS> <restartOnWakeup>true</restartOnWakeup> <upgradeToPreReleases>false</upgradeToPreReleases> <keepTemporariesH>24</keepTemporariesH> <cacheIgnoredFiles>false</cacheIgnoredFiles> <progressUpdateIntervalS>5</progressUpdateIntervalS> <limitBandwidthInLan>false</limitBandwidthInLan> <overwriteRemoteDeviceNamesOnConnect>false</overwriteRemoteDeviceNamesOnConnect> <tempIndexMinBlocks>10</tempIndexMinBlocks> <trafficClass>0</trafficClass> <defaultFolderPath>~/Sync/</defaultFolderPath> <maxFolderConcurrency>0</maxFolderConcurrency> <crashReportingEnabled>false</crashReportingEnabled> <databaseTuning>auto</databaseTuning> <maxConcurrentIncomingRequestKiB>0</maxConcurrentIncomingRequestKiB> <announceLANAddresses>false</announceLANAddresses> <sendFullIndexOnUpgrade>false</sendFullIndexOnUpgrade> </options> </configuration>
This is a config.xml example for syncthing.  |
| How do I create a compressed buildroot system image that expands to fill the available storage of the media it is flashed to? Posted: 02 May 2021 08:18 AM PDT I need to make a Buildroot system for various x86_64 EFI systems with varying storage sizes, but unfortunately, the pc_x86_64_efi config creates an img file with a fixed partition size, not one that expands to the full size of the media it is flashed to. If I want it to fill the various drives, I need to manually specify the size of the drive in the filesystem config, and then recompile, which is a major pain, and ends up making a massive 128GB+ image file. I tried causing it to resize from within the running system using resize2fs, but that did not work. Ideally I would like it to either expand to the full size of the drive when it is flashed, or to have it resize when it first boots. Is this possible, or is it outside the limits of Buildroot?  |
| locale issue on newly CentOS install Posted: 02 May 2021 09:11 AM PDT I made several CentOS 7 install lately using the NetInstall CD and all is going well, installation finishes, I can access the server. However when I try to connect to the server using ssh afterwards, I get : -bash: warning: setlocale: LC_CTYPE: cannot change locale (UTF-8): No such file or directory
indeed typing "locale" I get: # locale locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory LANG=en_US.utf8 LC_CTYPE=UTF-8 LC_NUMERIC="en_US.utf8" LC_TIME="en_US.utf8" LC_COLLATE="en_US.utf8" LC_MONETARY="en_US.utf8" LC_MESSAGES="en_US.utf8" LC_PAPER="en_US.utf8" LC_NAME="en_US.utf8" LC_ADDRESS="en_US.utf8" LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.utf8" LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.utf8" LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.utf8" LC_ALL=
Set up is: # cat /etc/locale.conf LANG="en_US.utf8" [root@moria ~]# localectl list-locales | grep en_US en_US en_US.iso88591 en_US.iso885915 en_US.utf8
So nothing fancy, it's a fresh out of the box updated CentOS. Trying to set it I get : # localectl set-locale LC_TYPE=en_US.utf8 Failed to issue method call: Invalid Locale data.
So my question: What am I missing? How to set this up correctly. Many thanks!  |
| Addition of two floating point numbers using shell script Posted: 02 May 2021 08:56 AM PDT I am trying to add two floating point numbers together using shell script. I have tried this: #!/bin/bash if [ $# != 2 ]; then echo "2 arguments are required " exit else x=$1 y=$2 sum = $x + $y echo ` sum = $sum | bc ` fi
When I provide two arguments to the command line, for example: bash filename.sh 2.4 5
... it gives me an error: [ 2 != 2 ] command not found  |
| How to download portion of video with youtube-dl command? Posted: 02 May 2021 10:11 AM PDT I am using Ubuntu, and the youtube-dl command is working absolutely fine. However, now I want to download only a portion a video that is too long. So I want to download only a few minutes of that video, e.g. from minute 13 to minute 17. Is there any way to do that?  |
| Cannot add host to icingaweb2 Posted: 02 May 2021 07:29 AM PDT I installed Icinga2 and icingaweb2. I have the dashboard, view of hosts, services, etc. I can log in, log out, etc. Ok, now I want to monitor something. So I added a host to /etc/icinga2/conf.d/hosts, like this: object Host "myhost" { display_name "My first host" address "X.X.X.X" check_command "hostalive" }
Then I reloaded icinga2 and expected to see myhost in Overview/Hosts on the icingaweb2 dashboard, but despite my efforts all the time I see 0 hosts and the empty list. Why icingaweb2 isn't displaying hosts added this way? Best Regards,
Kamil  |
| How to debug an udev rule (in /etc/udev/rules.d/...) Posted: 02 May 2021 10:12 AM PDT I'm creating a new basic rule /etc/udev/rules.d/10-myrule.rules
containing: KERNEL!="sdb*", GOTO="auto_mount_end" ACTION=="add", RUN+="/usr/bin/mount /dev/sdb1 /media" LABEL="auto_mount_end"
I saved, rebooted, and inserted a SD card (recognized by /dev/sdb1, I see it with dmesg), but nothing happens. When I do manually mount /dev/sdb1 /media, it works. How can I troubleshoot / debug such an udev rule? Note: I'm using ArchLinux, but it should be the same on any distro?  |
| Gnome, nautilus copy files to USB stops at 100% or near Posted: 02 May 2021 09:01 AM PDT I had similar issues before but i don't remember how i solved it. When i try to copy something to USB stick, with FAT, it stops near the end, sometimes at 100%. And of course, when i transfer the memory stick somewhere else, it doesn't contain complete file. (file is a movie!) I tried to mount device with mount -o flush, but i get same issue. Also, i did format the USB stick with new FAT partition... Any idea what cold i do? p.s. I believe it's not related to OS, which is Debian, and i believe that coping from SSD drive doesn't make it stuck.  |
| How to to resize an ext4 partition from the command line? Posted: 02 May 2021 10:13 AM PDT What's the easiest way to resize an ext4 partition (or any type partition depending on the method) from the command line (potentially with the fewest commands, but also the easiest to understand)? Using a tool like Gparted is obviously easy in a GUI, but what about in the command line? I guess text-based GUIs can count for the answer too since it's technically still in the command line. It just needs to be easy. By partition I mean a simple partition on a single disk of a personal computer (e.g. on a laptop). For example, I want to resize /dev/sda4. There's no RAIDs, there's not more than one disk drive, there's not anything complicated here. Just a simple partition on a single disk (/dev/sdaX on /dev/sda).  |
| How to convert grub config to use kernel device names instead of UUID Posted: 02 May 2021 10:06 AM PDT I've got a bunch of identical systems on which I want to clone the same openSUSE 12.3 installation. I've set up clonezilla on PXE server. After appling the disk-image of on another machine, it fails to boot. This is because all the partitions are referred to be their UUIDs instead of the kernel-assigned name (sda1, sda2, etc). How do I configure grub to be using the kernel names instead of the UUID so that the image can be truly ported to the other systems? I have tried setting GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true in /etc/default/grub and then run grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg. I have also changed the entry in /etc/fstab. After these changes, the system still boots fine on the source machine, but doesn't boot on all the others. Grub loads, but only shows the word "GRUB" and thats all. Nothing else happens. My current grub.cfg is the following: # # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE # # It is automatically generated by grub2-mkconfig using templates # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub # ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ### if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then load_env fi set default="${saved_entry}" if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then menuentry_id_option="--id" else menuentry_id_option="" fi export menuentry_id_option if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}" save_env saved_entry set prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi function savedefault { if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then saved_entry="${chosen}" save_env saved_entry fi } function load_video { if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then insmod all_video else insmod efi_gop insmod efi_uga insmod ieee1275_fb insmod vbe insmod vga insmod video_bochs insmod video_cirrus fi } if [ x$feature_default_font_path = xy ] ; then font=unicode else insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos5' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos5 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos5 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos5 --hint='hd0,msdos5' 5613d48c-eedb-4389-91bc-e49de73a1cc4 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 5613d48c-eedb-4389-91bc-e49de73a1cc4 fi font="/usr/share/grub2/unicode.pf2" fi if loadfont $font ; then set gfxmode=auto load_video insmod gfxterm set locale_dir=$prefix/locale set lang=en_US insmod gettext fi terminal_output gfxterm insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos5' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos5 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos5 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos5 --hint='hd0,msdos5' 5613d48c-eedb-4389-91bc-e49de73a1cc4 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 5613d48c-eedb-4389-91bc-e49de73a1cc4 fi insmod gfxmenu loadfont ($root)/boot/grub2/themes/openSUSE/ascii.pf2 loadfont ($root)/boot/grub2/themes/openSUSE/DejaVuSans10.pf2 loadfont ($root)/boot/grub2/themes/openSUSE/DejaVuSans12.pf2 loadfont ($root)/boot/grub2/themes/openSUSE/DejaVuSans-Bold14.pf2 insmod png set theme=($root)/boot/grub2/themes/openSUSE/theme.txt export theme if [ x${boot_once} = xtrue ]; then set timeout=0 elif sleep --interruptible 0 ; then set timeout=5 fi ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### menuentry 'openSUSE 12.3' --class 'opensuse-12-3' --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-5613d48c-eedb-4389-91bc-e49de73a1cc4' { load_video set gfxpayload=keep insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos5' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos5 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos5 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos5 --hint='hd0,msdos5' 5613d48c-eedb-4389-91bc-e49de73a1cc4 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 5613d48c-eedb-4389-91bc-e49de73a1cc4 fi echo 'Loading Linux 3.7.10-1.4-default ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.7.10-1.4-default root=/dev/sda5 splash=silent acpi=on barrier=off reboot=pci init=linuxrc splash=silent quiet showopts echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd-3.7.10-1.4-default } submenu 'Advanced options for openSUSE 12.3' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-5613d48c-eedb-4389-91bc-e49de73a1cc4' { menuentry 'openSUSE 12.3, with Linux 3.7.10-1.4-default' --class 'opensuse-12-3' --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.7.10-1.4-default-advanced-5613d48c-eedb-4389-91bc-e49de73a1cc4' { load_video set gfxpayload=keep insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos5' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos5 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos5 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos5 --hint='hd0,msdos5' 5613d48c-eedb-4389-91bc-e49de73a1cc4 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 5613d48c-eedb-4389-91bc-e49de73a1cc4 fi echo 'Loading Linux 3.7.10-1.4-default ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.7.10-1.4-default root=/dev/sda5 splash=silent acpi=on barrier=off reboot=pci init=linuxrc splash=silent quiet showopts echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd-3.7.10-1.4-default } menuentry 'openSUSE 12.3, with Linux 3.7.10-1.4-default (recovery mode)' --class 'opensuse-12-3' --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.7.10-1.4-default-recovery-5613d48c-eedb-4389-91bc-e49de73a1cc4' { load_video set gfxpayload=keep insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='hd0,msdos5' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos5 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos5 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos5 --hint='hd0,msdos5' 5613d48c-eedb-4389-91bc-e49de73a1cc4 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 5613d48c-eedb-4389-91bc-e49de73a1cc4 fi echo 'Loading Linux 3.7.10-1.4-default ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.7.10-1.4-default root=/dev/sda5 showopts apm=off noresume edd=off powersaved=off nohz=off highres=off processor.max_cstate=1 nomodeset x11failsafe echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd-3.7.10-1.4-default } } ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_ppc_terminfo ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_ppc_terminfo ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### menuentry 'Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda1)' --class windows --class os $menuentry_id_option 'osprober-chain-52EA4C7AEA4C5C7B' { insmod part_msdos insmod ntfs set root='hd0,msdos1' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 --hint='hd0,msdos1' 52EA4C7AEA4C5C7B else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 52EA4C7AEA4C5C7B fi chainloader +1 } ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the # menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change # the 'exec tail' line above. ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### if [ -f ${config_directory}/custom.cfg ]; then source ${config_directory}/custom.cfg elif [ -z "${config_directory}" -a -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then source $prefix/custom.cfg; fi ### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/90_persistent ### ### END /etc/grub.d/90_persistent ###
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| How can I set my default shell to start up tmux Posted: 02 May 2021 09:26 AM PDT I would like my default bash shell to go straight into tmux instead of my always having to type tmux every time.  |
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