Recent Questions - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange |
- How to start with sudo privileges every time I run terminal with CTRL+ALT+T
- zip - difference between "." and "* .[^.]*" patterns
- Wired internet works for few seconds on Debian
- Download file from URL with redirection, "?" and other symbols, from the command line
- Setting ACLs correctly for -rw-r--r--+
- squashed then re-squashed give different size?
- Can I install another Linux distribution to an extra HDD without rebooting?
- There is any way to block specific apps on snap or flatpak so these can't be installed on my computer?
- How do I do the required route(s) for getting internet traffic to/from my client assigned public IPv4s on my L2TP server
- Linux 2.4, Non-Preemptible Kernel?
- Difference between command `command` vs command `builtin` in Shell Scripting
- How to send emails to multiple recipients with each getting a different attachment using mail command from terminal?
- Renaming a file by passing an awk output on a *.tsv file
- 4.19 kernel does not enter suspend/sleep and freezes system, but 4.9 works fine
- Using dd to create an image up to an specific sector
- How to send curl request with post data imported from a file
- Shell-/Bash-Script to delete old backup files by name and specific pattern
- How to add a column to file that is matched to another column?
- Is it possible to force a program that ignores signals to quit on ctrl-C?
- Install GuixSD using an existing Linux system
- How to get both the current working directory and the current process in the status line for tmux?
- Gcc not found : cannot compile c program in a Buildroot image for STM32MP
- LVM thin pool inactive and failed with: No data available
- package configuration issue
- Xubuntu 16 Plymouthd crashes on every boot
- RTMP + FFMPEG streaming: how do I change a file on the fly?
- debian without dbus: login/systemd complains about failing to connect to d-bus after motd
- Stable IPv6 address on Fedora
- Switchable graphics Intel + AMD Venus Pro
- How can I swap my two screens, left to right?
| How to start with sudo privileges every time I run terminal with CTRL+ALT+T Posted: 29 May 2021 04:55 PM PDT I'm using Kali Linux and I want to start with sudo privileges every time I run the terminal using CTRL+ALT+T. I tried this solution but it's not working: is-there-a-way-to-stop-having-to-write-sudo-for-every-little-thing-in-linux Is there a way to do it ? Thanks in advance.  |
| zip - difference between "." and "* .[^.]*" patterns Posted: 29 May 2021 04:43 PM PDT While recursively zipping a directory (including hidden files), is there any difference between: and: or are they exactly the same? Second command, if i'm not wrong, matches all non-dot-files (first Also in POSIX shell script, ShellCheck complains about  |
| Wired internet works for few seconds on Debian Posted: 29 May 2021 03:47 PM PDT I recently changed my isp, and after that I started having some issues when connecting to the internet on my Debian 10. At first, I thought that it might be my ISPs fault, but the internet is working fine on Windows (Ive dual boot) and on my phone (wifi). On Debian, the internet works for few seconds, enought to load 1 page, but after that doesnt work anymore. I already tried to increase MTUs value, since looked like it helped others who had this problem, but didn't work for me. Also, i tested using my Laptop, which also has Debian 10 installed, it worked. I tested using cable and wifi.  |
| Download file from URL with redirection, "?" and other symbols, from the command line Posted: 29 May 2021 03:12 PM PDT I mean to download I tried (option curl -O -J -L -o "eclipse-parallel-2021-03-R-linux-gtk-x86_64b.tar.gz" "https://www.eclipse.org/downloads/download.php?file=/technology/epp/downloads/release/2021-03/R/eclipse-parallel-2021-03-R-linux-gtk-x86_64.tar.gz&mirror_id=576" and also without What is the correct way of doing this?  |
| Setting ACLs correctly for -rw-r--r--+ Posted: 29 May 2021 03:17 PM PDT I've been able to set the default ACL permissions for new files like so: This seems to give all new files a permission of: I'm hoping to have new files get a permission of the following instead: If it makes any difference, I'm running CentOS. Any help on this is much appreciated. Thanks!  |
| squashed then re-squashed give different size? Posted: 29 May 2021 02:19 PM PDT I extracted a here are the sizes of the 2 files
is there a problem with because when I used a hex editor software, I noticed some entries are different although I have not changed anything. EDIT someone suggested that the  |
| Can I install another Linux distribution to an extra HDD without rebooting? Posted: 29 May 2021 03:52 PM PDT I have a computer with a Linux distribution installed on partitions in drive I want to install Linux to the second physical drive - to later run either on the same computer or another one. I know the planned hardware configuration of the target machine, and I have an installer for my new Linux distribution (say on a third drive, Can I perform the installation without rebooting? That is, other than in the usual way of booting from an installation medium? If this question is too general, then - can I do so with Debian Buster/Devuan Beowulf? Note: You may make any reasonable assumption about the system, but please state it explicitly.  |
| Posted: 29 May 2021 01:59 PM PDT I want to prevent the installation of some really distracting apps on my computer. I can do this on Apt by modifying a configuration file. But I haven't managed to do the same on Snap or Flatpak. I need either one of those stores to install some applications since some applications I use have dependencies problems. I tried to search an answer on the store documentation but I didn't found anything. I'm not an expert on this area so any help is welcome.  |
| Posted: 29 May 2021 01:47 PM PDT I have a server running Ubuntu Server 20.04 which has two ethernet interfaces and is hosting the L2TP server (using accel-ppp). 'eno1' has a single public IPv4 address assigned. 'eno2' has access to a /26 public IPv4 block which I'd like to make use of from another location via an L2TP server. Details further down. Now what I'm trying to do is make it so my router, at another location, can connect to the L2TP server and have a public facing IPv4 as well as a /27 public IPv4 routed to it from splitting the /26 public IPv4 mentioned earlier. For example, x.x.161.64/27. While I can ping the IP of the router connected to the L2TP server, from the L2TP server, as well as any /27 IPv4 I assigned via the router's LAN, I can't figure out how to get a route to the internet or beyond presumably the L2TP server's own gateway IP (x.x.161.122). eno1 eno2 My router assigned IP addresses, that's connecting to the L2TP server but aren't currently able to access the internet or go beyond x.x.161.122 (the L2TP server's gateway IP address - I believe) it seems. On this Ubuntu server I have accel-ppp installed and configured as an L2TP server. In Current ip route: Current route: Current ifconfig: How would I go about making it so, for example, the router IP address x.x.161.121 would be able to reach the internet and be reachable from the internet? Presumably it would need to somehow have a route to x.x.161.126, the gateway IP address of the entire original /26 IPv4 block. If there's a simpler or different approach I should be taking please say. I don't want to do NAT as that I imagine defeats what I'm trying to do. Hopefully I've been reasonably clear and provided plenty of details, if there's more details you need please ask. I've been trying to get my head round this for nearly two days. Playing around with changing routes is a little new to me. Thanks in advance for any assistance!  |
| Linux 2.4, Non-Preemptible Kernel? Posted: 29 May 2021 01:33 PM PDT I know the difference between CPU bound and I\O bound and saw the following question in the book I am reading from:
Please Note: we are talking about non-Preemptible kernel, not user space. But I was wondering why any of them will be affected at all, let's say I opened a word files which runs a single process A. It's clear that A is I\O bound. Now when a user types something in the keyboard process A runs in kernel mode, so instead of the usual case of just requesting input from OS and leaving we have to wait until the input is ready (since now in kernel mode ad process can't be stopped in middle). But how this affects performance at all? Am I missing something? And what about CPU bound?  |
| Difference between command `command` vs command `builtin` in Shell Scripting Posted: 29 May 2021 04:31 PM PDT I understand the command To the best of my understanding, For example, in (NOTE: Is my understanding correct? Or, do (I've tried searching for an answer on StackExchange, but haven't found anything, so if anyone can point me to a suitable answer I'd be much obliged.)  |
| Posted: 29 May 2021 02:32 PM PDT Here is my scenario. I have a txt file. emailADD.txt. it contains email ids every line And i have files in a folder and so on i want a script to send email to the first id with the first attachment. then another email to second id with the second attachment and so on. both email ids and the attachments will be stored in alphabetical order. the number of email ids and attachments stored will be equal. Please suggest. I have this idea from jesse_b but it doesn't involve different attachments to each email id.  |
| Renaming a file by passing an awk output on a *.tsv file Posted: 29 May 2021 04:59 PM PDT Have data and *.tsv file where data is described. Would like to use the description and rename the data accordingly. Please have a look :
common_voice_en_22090684.mp3 four common_voice_en_22090691.mp3 no common_voice_en_22090696.mp3 one
for i in *.mp3 ; do echo $i
How to use awk (to read and use the description) and mv (to rename the existing files with the passed description? So, looking at the above example, the result would be : four.mp3 It is not important to use the suggested commands. Any ideas, suggestions how to do this are most welcome!  |
| 4.19 kernel does not enter suspend/sleep and freezes system, but 4.9 works fine Posted: 29 May 2021 02:56 PM PDT The 4.9 kernel will be EOL in just a few years and Debian 9 (stretch) just next year. So, I'd like to move on. Everything works perfectly on the 4.9 kernel on this macbook (MacBookPro8), including sleep/suspend. However, each time I try the 4.19 kernel, the one used by Debian 10 by default, it never suspends correctly. When I close the lid on my laptop, the screen goes black/blank, but it doesn't suspend. What's more, I cannot do anything from this "resumed" empty screen; even ALT-CTL-F1 does not work. Only the power button is an option to reboot/restart the system. (I'm not sure how I'd do the ALT-PrtScr-REISUB on this mac keyboard.) I looked in I'm running 1.4.1 of pm-utils. I have not tried the 5.x series of kernels, but I can only assume that they would have the same problem as 4.19. I'd be willing to run 4.9 indefinitely, even after EOL, with all possible security holes and all, just to keep the suspend functionality, but I'd prefer not to. Regardless, my question is: how can I get my macbook to suspend and resume using the 4.19 kernel? Small update: I just tried 4.19 on my Dell laptop and suspend works perfectly. So, it's possible that it's something about the macbook hardware.  |
| Using dd to create an image up to an specific sector Posted: 29 May 2021 04:07 PM PDT I have a 32GB SD Card that contains an Armbian installation for some pi gadget. I want to clone the content into a 16GB card. Using GParted, I shrank the partitions to be less than 16GB and here is the state of the SD Card as shown in Can you please tell me what would I need to do now to exactly clone what is on the card, including the boot partition? It is strange that the Armbian leaved 8129 sectors free, and calls it unpartitioned space, what is in that area? If I do something like: It will create an image with size 32GB.... but I want it to be limited to the last sector of  |
| How to send curl request with post data imported from a file Posted: 29 May 2021 02:20 PM PDT I have a below curl command which works fine and I get the response back. I am posting json data to an endpoint which gives me response back after hitting it. Now I am trying to read the binary data from Below is the content I have in my Original "temp.txt" file This is the error I am getting - Is there anything wrong I am doing? Also if I copy the exact same content in the Updated "temp.txt" file Meaning if I keep the content like this in It means I need to find a way to convert new lines to  |
| Shell-/Bash-Script to delete old backup files by name and specific pattern Posted: 29 May 2021 04:05 PM PDT every our backup files of a database are created. The files are named like this: The pattern could be adjusted if needed. I would like to have a script that:
Unfortunately, I have very little knowledge of the shell-/bash-script language. I would do something like this:  |
| How to add a column to file that is matched to another column? Posted: 29 May 2021 02:46 PM PDT How to match the first column from file1 according to the numbers in the second column to the file 2? file1 file2 desired output I have no idea how to do that and I did not found similar questions.  |
| Is it possible to force a program that ignores signals to quit on ctrl-C? Posted: 29 May 2021 05:04 PM PDT I have a program that ignores SIGINT but that I want to run in the foreground. I would like to find a way to force it to close on Ctrl-C. Is there any way to write a wrapper (that you'd call This answer is the exact opposite of what I am looking for -- I would like to force a program that ignores a signal to quit on SIGINT.  |
| Install GuixSD using an existing Linux system Posted: 29 May 2021 02:27 PM PDT I want to install Guix System Distribution (or GuixSD, or just Guix) alongside some other distros. The problem is, Guix doesn't recognise Realtek drivers, which are nonfree, so I can't use WiFi. I can install Guix with Ethernet, but it is very unstable, so I want to install it with my existing Debian (buster) installation so I can then add the Nonguix channel and install the drivers. Problem is, I don't really know how. I'm pretty sure it includes installing Guix onto Debian, installing some packages, and strapping GuixSD onto the root (atleast, that's how NixOS does it, which Guix is inspired by) or it includes chrooting into the ISO. I would appreciate any help possible. System Info |
| How to get both the current working directory and the current process in the status line for tmux? Posted: 29 May 2021 03:39 PM PDT I would like to have two status lines with the first status line showing which directory the window is in and the second one showing which process is running in the window. Is this possible? I use bash but I am open to switching to another shell if it is easier to make this configuration. If this is not possible with tmux or very hard to configure, is there any other tool I can use which can provide me this info? (Basically I want multiple tabs/windows open in terminal, with the dir and process info.)  |
| Gcc not found : cannot compile c program in a Buildroot image for STM32MP Posted: 29 May 2021 05:00 PM PDT I'm trying to compile a C program with  |
| LVM thin pool inactive and failed with: No data available Posted: 29 May 2021 02:26 PM PDT I am suffering in a problem due to a system crash, I am using LVM-THIN created in proxmox GUI, all lvs is inactive and the lvm seems broken and I saw it needs to fix manually in system log. After google it, I've tried to use this command to fix the system. my vgs: I can see some lv is active now: but beyond that, I got this error : in dmesg: And I go back to use thin_check command to check the metadata backup by lvconvert --repair, it shows me that: Any one can help? I am very appreciate it, thank you.  |
| Posted: 29 May 2021 01:16 PM PDT Looking for pointers on a package configuration issue. This is a stripped down version of Debian 8 (ReadyNAS 6.10.3 running on a Netgear RN202 NAS). I think the problem may have been triggered by installing the third-party RNXtras PHP7.2 app that upgrades the default PHP from 5.6 to 7.2. The combination worked fine when I first installed it a while back. But ReadyNAS (Debian) was upgraded on the box since then, and after doing a recent full wipe / install of ReadyNAS then reinstall of RNXtras PHP7.2, things went south: Both an uninstall and install of RNXtras PHP7.2 is failing now - as are other installs. The primary symptom right now is this sort of thing: Also, similar errors for "apt-get remove", etc. Perhaps this could be solved through package pinning, but not sure where to look.  |
| Xubuntu 16 Plymouthd crashes on every boot Posted: 29 May 2021 05:02 PM PDT I get three crash errors with every boot-up. This is the first one.
I have tried and and But none of these have solved the problem.  |
| RTMP + FFMPEG streaming: how do I change a file on the fly? Posted: 29 May 2021 03:04 PM PDT I use ffmpeg for rtmp streaming for instance with a command like this: Sometime I need to replace file.mp4 with new_file.mp4. How do I do that without stutters and stopping the stream? I suppose I can't do sth like that: without killing the ffmpeg process :)  |
| debian without dbus: login/systemd complains about failing to connect to d-bus after motd Posted: 29 May 2021 02:07 PM PDT I have barebones raspbian, i.e. basically Debian 8, with systemd and no X. I removed dbus with "apt-get remove dbus". It deinstalled cleanly, with no apparent programs depending on it. Now, whenever I login on the console after the motd I get this line:
What's the source of that message, and how can I make it stop? Must be something somewhere in /etc I can set, right? It looks like systemd still thinks there is a dbus. There is still a dbus.service which I manually disabled with systemctl, just to be sure. It complained (inserv warning current start runlevel(s) (empty) of script dbus overrides LSB defaults ....) but, all my services do seem normal; I don't know for sure. Running "systemctl start anythinghere" as non-root produces the same error. So user-level privilege systemd, whatever it is called, appears to be the source but I don't have systemd-logind running on my system, and I don't understand how /bin/login is calling systemd.  |
| Posted: 29 May 2021 02:04 PM PDT Unlike other systems, Fedora 25 workstation doesn't use stable IPv6 addresses, by default. For example, with CentOS 7 or Fedora 23, a stable IPv6 is automatically configured (in an IPv6 enabled network where a IPv6 router is present) - i.e. one that is derived from the MAC-address. That IPv6 address then can be used in an DNS AAAA-record. In contrast to that, the IPv6 address of a Fedora 25 workstation system doesn't have any relation to its MAC address and doesn't seem to be stable. How to configure deterministic and stable IPv6 addresses on Fedora 25?  |
| Switchable graphics Intel + AMD Venus Pro Posted: 29 May 2021 04:03 PM PDT I'm using Manjaro Linux on my laptop with switchable graphic cards: Here's a screenshot of the drivers section of Manjaro Settings Manager:
The above shows that bumblebee's drivers are installed, but the daemon fails: During my trial-and-error I also tried to install My goal is to be able to play games on Steam. What can you recommend?  |
| How can I swap my two screens, left to right? Posted: 29 May 2021 04:45 PM PDT I pressed something and accidentally swapped my two screens. My left one is actually considered as the right one, and vice versa. How can I swap them back? Edit - Specifically, I'm using Gnome, though we might also want to keep this question generic. Edit 2 - It appears that my driver isn't compatible with xrandr. I'm attaching log of  |
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