| Create an LVM stripe with Puppet Posted: 22 Dec 2021 04:25 AM PST When I install a new server, it usually has 3-4 HDD disks. Puppet then automatically creates LVM from that. Currently, it creates the default linear striped LVM whereas I'm looking into it being striped. I know that when create a striped LVM from the command line, I need to pass in -i with the number of devices to stripe across. Thing is, sometimes it's 3 devices, and sometimes it's 4. Here's the current init.pp: class lvm_stripe { $mydisks = $facts[company_disks] $lvm_disks = split($mydisks, '\n') each($lvm_disks) |$disk| { exec { "part_${disk}": command => "/sbin/parted -s /dev/${disk} mklabel gpt mkpart ext4 0% 100% ; /bin/sleep 2", unless => "/sbin/fdisk -l | grep /dev/${disk}1", } } $mydevs = $facts[company_devs] physical_volume { $mydevs: ensure => present, force => true } volume_group { 'os': ensure => present, physical_volumes => $mydevs, # force => true, } logical_volume { 'disk1': ensure => present, volume_group => 'os', stripes => $mydevs.size(), # OR mydevs.length() - Both don't work } filesystem { '/dev/os/disk1': ensure => present, fs_type => 'xfs', } }
Thing is, it still makes it linear, and I couldn't find any additional parameters I needed in the docs. So my question is, in puppet, how do create a striped LVM? And how to make it so it would use all the HDDs? Thanks ahead! |
| How to change the color of this selected text of the gnome terminal? Posted: 22 Dec 2021 04:21 AM PST I'm trying to change the color of "[shark@Archshark ~]$" to blue in the terminal but It seems that I can't change it, please help. 
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| WebCamoid Chorma-Key Green Screen Background Image Settings Posted: 22 Dec 2021 04:04 AM PST Can somebody please provide directions on HOW to set up WebCamoid to use a ChromaKey Green Screen to add a virtual background to my virtual camera? I have WebCamoid installed on MacOS Mojave 10.14 but cannot figure out how to do this and I cannot find directions anywhere. In theory I know you need to add an image, add a filter to process the video and then setup WebCamoid as a virtual webcam, but I can find no details on how this is done. Thank you. |
| How do I convert this script into an alias (MacOS, ZSH) Posted: 22 Dec 2021 04:20 AM PST This script works fine when directly typed into the console: N | find . -type f -iname "*.aac" -exec bash -c 'FILE="$1"; ffmpeg -i "${FILE}" -acodec libmp3lame "${FILE%.aac}.mp3";' _ '{}' \;
But as I'm trying to add it as an alias into my ~/.zshrc file: alias aac-to-mp3="N | find . -type f -iname \"*.aac\" -exec bash -c 'FILE=\"$1\"; ffmpeg -i \"${FILE}\" -acodec libmp3lame \"${FILE%.aac}.mp3\";' _ '{}' \;"
It yields: ✔ aac-to-mp3 _: N: command not found ffmpeg version 4.4.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers built with Apple clang version 13.0.0 (clang-1300.0.29.3) configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/4.4.1_3 --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-version3 --cc=clang --host-cflags= --host-ldflags= --enable-ffplay --enable-gnutls --enable-gpl --enable-libaom --enable-libbluray --enable-libdav1d --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-librav1e --enable-librist --enable-librubberband --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsrt --enable-libtesseract --enable-libtheora --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvmaf --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-lzma --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-frei0r --enable-libass --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libspeex --enable-libsoxr --enable-libzmq --enable-libzimg --disable-libjack --disable-indev=jack --enable-avresample --enable-videotoolbox libavutil 56. 70.100 / 56. 70.100 libavcodec 58.134.100 / 58.134.100 libavformat 58. 76.100 / 58. 76.100 libavdevice 58. 13.100 / 58. 13.100 libavfilter 7.110.100 / 7.110.100 libavresample 4. 0. 0 / 4. 0. 0 libswscale 5. 9.100 / 5. 9.100 libswresample 3. 9.100 / 3. 9.100 libpostproc 55. 9.100 / 55. 9.100 : No such file or directory
I tried moving the N | into the command itself: alias aac-to-mp3="find . -type f -iname \"*.aac\" -exec bash -c 'FILE=\"$1\"; N | ffmpeg -i \"${FILE}\" -acodec libmp3lame \"${FILE%.aac}.mp3\";' _ '{}' \;"
But it generates the same output. I did restart the shell between each alias change. How do I make that script usable as an alias? I don't understand the issue. |
| what does (tr \\n \\0 <file.txt) mean? Posted: 22 Dec 2021 04:20 AM PST context: https://stackoverflow.com/a/13941223/15603477
I do understand xargs chmod 755 <file.txt For bigger amount of files, or almost any number of lines in your input file... For many binutils tools, like chown, chmod, rm, cp -t ... xargs chmod 755 <file.txt
If you have special chars and/or a lot of lines in file.txt. xargs -0 chmod 755 < <(tr \\n \\0 <file.txt)
I not sure (tr \\n \\0 <file.txt) meaning?
In man tr the following is what I found: \\ backslash \n new line
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| open() Syscall hooking x86_64 Posted: 22 Dec 2021 03:50 AM PST I was trying to hook open() syscall. My open() does nothing but adds a couple of printk() before the actual syscall. For hooking, I get the table from this command cat /boot/System.map-3.2.0-56-desktop | grep sys_call_table This is the output ffffffff81801360 R sys_call_table ffffffff818052e8 r ia32_sys_call_table
If I hook open() syscall for sys_call_table, my system crashes right after I load my LKM. If I hook for ia32_sys_call_table, it works properly. Why is this the behaviour if I am running x64 system? |
| Where in the filesystem can I get metadata about a socket? Posted: 22 Dec 2021 03:12 AM PST I know lsof and ss provide metadata about connections. Where do they get it from? For example, this represents a connection: ls -al /proc/102922/fd/98 lrwx------ 1 me me 64 dic 21 06:06 /proc/102922/fd/74 -> 'socket:[3803248]'
With ss I can see more info: tcp ESTAB 0 0 192.168.68.108:33966 198.252.206.25:https users:(("chrome",pid=102922,fd=98)) cubic wscale:9,7 rto:296 rtt:92.785/24.455 ato:40 mss:1448 pmtu:1500 rcvmss:536 advmss:1448 cwnd:10 bytes_sent:1463 bytes_acked:1464 bytes_received:336 segs_out:11 segs_in:7 data_segs_out:6 data_segs_in:2 send 1.25Mbps lastsnd:71284 lastrcv:71292 lastack:26068 pacing_rate 2.5Mbps delivery_rate 271kbps delivered:7 app_limited busy:308ms rcv_space:14480 rcv_ssthresh:64088 minrtt:86.996
But, assume the system my app is running on does not have ss for some reason. How can I go from socket:[3803248] to the tcp stats that ss provides? I don't intend to fully rewrite ss :) but I'm curious about what exists in the filesystem. |
| Random log out of tty1 while typing Posted: 22 Dec 2021 02:51 AM PST I experienced a sudden log out from tty1 where I run the i3 window manager. While typing stuff, the screen went black, and in a matter of seconds I was back to the login screen (I use no login manager): Arch Linux 5.15.10-arch1-1 (tty1) enrico login:
It's actually the second time it happens. It happened a few days ago the first time, and I'm sure both then and now the log out happened while typing, but I have no idea what key combination might trigger a log out. How can I troubleshoot this? last -F | head -2 shows
enrico tty1 Wed Dec 22 11:34:38 2021 still logged in enrico tty1 Wed Dec 22 06:39:30 2021 - Wed Dec 22 11:34:26 2021 (04:54)
where the 11:34 event is when I logged back right after the strange log-out happened, whereas the previous event at 06:39 is when I originally logged in this morning. Maybe I'm searching in the wrong place? |
| How can I replace a version number captured by regex with another one using SED? Posted: 22 Dec 2021 03:23 AM PST I am trying with the following sed command: sed 's/shared:core:([0-9]{1,4}(\.[0-9a-z]{1,6}){1,5})/shared:core:1.1.1/' test.txt
to replace the content of test.txt shared:core:0.0.2
I expect it to become shared:core:1.1.1
But nothing is happening. I think I need a little hint on how that works with sed |
| sudo crashes terminal but works from within a .sh file Posted: 22 Dec 2021 02:48 AM PST Something odd has started happening on my laptop running Ubuntu 20.04 When I open a terminal (either the default one or Terminator) and try to run any sudo command for example sudo ls it will hang, then just close/crash the terminal. It is consistent and survives reboots etc. It does not even get to the stage where it will ask for password. However, if I create a test.sh file and run that e.g ./test.sh then any sudo command will work as expected. It will ask for password then work. For example, this works: Test.sh #!/bin/bash echo 'sudo will work from here and ask for password and list dir' echo '----------------------------------------------------------' echo '' echo '' sudo ls
But in a terminal window, this crashes: sudo ls
I've Googled, and Stack Overflow'd everything I can think of, I've not installed anything new as the laptop hasn't been doing anything for a while. I've run strace sudo which led me to a superuser post which I tried, but that did not work: https://superuser.com/a/1580324 Hold space when booting Pop!_OS Select Recovery, which brings up the OS installer SUPER + T to bring up terminal sudo -i to switch to root mount -o remount,rw / mount --all chown root:root /usr/bin/sudo chmod 4755 /usr/bin/sudo Restart Pop!_OS and login normally Now I am able to run sudo commands such as sudo apt install python3-virtualenv without issues... so far.
So before I try anything else, I thought I would ask for some help or assistance as I'm not sure what to do next. Any help would be appreciated. OS Info solrevdev@hplaptop OS: Ubuntu 20.04 focal Kernel: x86_64 Linux 5.4.0-91-generic Uptime: 11m Packages: 3208 Shell: bash 5.0.17 Resolution: 1920x1080 DE: GNOME 3.36.5 WM: Mutter WM Theme: GTK Theme: Yaru [GTK2/3] Icon Theme: Yaru Font: Ubuntu 11 Disk: 148G / 249G (63%) CPU: Intel Core i5-7200U @ 4x 3.1GHz [46.0°C] GPU: Mesa Intel(R) HD Graphics 620 (KBL GT2) RAM: 3632MiB / 15930MiB
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| select lines in file with same string pattern Posted: 22 Dec 2021 01:57 AM PST Let´s suppose I have the following file.txt: asiub sj abq b aia ainp oo test = 123d sub ,. aiba 87ab test = 129szs bq test = aqua ayqvq 133s
I want to print only the lines of file.txt that contain the string test =. desired output.txt: test = 123d test = 129szs bq test = aqua
Any suggestion? Thanks |
| bash 2> >(command) > >(command) not getting it Posted: 22 Dec 2021 02:41 AM PST Been following this (https://stackoverflow.com/a/16283739/15603477) great answer. The following part I don't understand. $ ls -ld /tmp /tnt 2> >(sed 's/^/E: /') > >(sed 's/^/O: /') O: drwxrwxrwt 17 root root 28672 Nov 5 23:00 /tmp E: ls: cannot access /tnt: No such file or directory
and this also. $ ((ls -ld /tmp /tnt |sed 's/^/O: /' >&9 ) 2>&1 |sed 's/^/E: /') 9>&1| cat -n 1 O: drwxrwxrwt 118 root root 196608 Jan 7 12:29 /tmp 2 E: ls: cannot access /tnt: No such file or directory
https://www.gnu.org/software/sed/manual/sed.html#Introduction E: and O: part still not getting it.
The following is my interpretation $ ls -ld /tmp /tnt 2> >(sed 's/^/E: /') > >(sed 's/^/O: /')
2 refers to stderr, the command ls -ld /tmp /tnt 's error will be evaluated in (sed 's/^/E: /'), ^ refer to the beginning of the line, the beginning will be replaced with E:
>(sed 's/^/O: /') == 1>(sed 's/^/O: /')
1 refers to stdout, the normal output will be evaluated in (sed 's/^/O: /') The beginning will be replaced by O: |
| Reboot does not send "stop" to init.d scripts Posted: 22 Dec 2021 02:57 AM PST I have a script that I want to execute before a machine is either shut down or rebooted but it's only triggered with the start parameter, never with the stop parameter and it's driving me crazy. Following symlinks exist on my system: /etc/rc0.d/K01init.sh /etc/rc1.d/K01init.sh /etc/rc2.d/S99init.sh /etc/rc3.d/S99init.sh /etc/rc4.d/S99init.sh /etc/rc5.d/S99init.sh /etc/rc6.d/K01init.sh
that all point to the same script /etc/init.d/init.sh. Based on another thread I also tried without the .sh suffix, which did not change anything. /etc/init.d/init.sh #!/bin/sh ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: init.sh # Required-Start: $all # Required-Stop: # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: xxx # Description: xxx ### END INIT INFO if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then echo "log message" //do stuff fi echo "$1" if [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then echo "log message" //do stuff fi exit 0
The script runs fine during startup, but complains that the cleanup that should have happened in the stop block was not performed. When I echo the $1 to the logs, it only and always shows start, which means the OS apparently never sends the stop command to my script. Running the script from the command line (sudo /etc/init.d/init.sh stop) works like a charm with both start and stop parameters, so I'm confused as to why it does not work when I stop my machine. Where am I going wrong here? I'm running Ubuntu 18.04 and my current runlevel is 5 (but that should not be relevant, as it should be about 0 & 6 here). Interesting enough, I tried to check for the actual runlevel at execution time by adding echo "$(who -r)" to the script, which does not output anything to the logs! If relevant: I'm talking about reboots both via sudo reboot / sudo systemctl reboot and via Azure GUI (it's a virtual machine), not sure if Azures reboot mechanism differs, but neither way works. |
| Midnight Commander won't show if .env file is in a directory Posted: 22 Dec 2021 02:55 AM PST I'm on Ubuntu 20.04 latest, all updates included and I try to use Midnight Commander 4.8.24 from the distro's respository. I want mc to display a directory's content so I type mc in the terminal. In a directory including a dot env (.env) file, mc will start, but the "GUI" of it will stop responding and won't show up. You'll only see: "Hinweis: Das Setzen der Variablen CDPATH kann in cd-Kommandos Tastenschläge ersparen" (Translation is mine: "Hint: Setting of a CDPATH variable may save keystrokes.") What I tried (bash and zsh, same behavior): mkdir stuffcd stuffmc -> works fine, then quit it.touch .envmc -> terminal stops responding, mentionened message from above appears. To stop mc you must either 'kill' mc or the terminal itself. What can I do, so that mc ignores .env files or is it a bug/feature? EDIT $ mc -V GNU Midnight Commander 4.8.24 Kompiliert mit GLib 2.63.3 Benutze die S-Lang-Bibliothek mit der terminfo-Datenbank Mit eingebautem Editor und Aspell-Unterstützung Mit optionaler Subshell-Unterstützung als Standard Mit Unterstützung für Hintergrundtätigkeiten Mit Maus-Unterstützung im xterm und der Linux-Konsole Mit Unterstützung für X11-Ereignisse Mit Internationalisierungs-Unterstützung Mit Unterstützung mehrerer Codepages Virtuelles Dateisystem: cpiofs, tarfs, sfs, extfs, ext2undelfs, ftpfs, sftpfs, fish Datentyp: char: 8; int: 32; long: 64; void *: 64; size_t: 64; off_t: 64; $ echo $CDPATH --empty--
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| How to find DRM protected WMA files on Ubuntu Linux Posted: 22 Dec 2021 01:35 AM PST On my Ubuntu Linux 18.04 machine I have a whole bunch of WMA files (don't ask) which have gotten mixed up with several files from another computer that are DRM protected. The latter won't play and even crash some player software. Is there a quick-and-easy way to recurse through the entire subdirectory tree and detect which WMA files are DRM protected? I've seen solutions based on Windows XP and Powershell, but nothing for *ix. Mind you, I'm NOT looking for a (legally dubious) way to strip off the DRM protection; I just need to find out which ones are DRM protected without trying them out one by one so I can remove them. Advise to discontinue the use of WMA and switch to more sensible formats instead is unnecessary; I never use WMA if I can possibly avoid it. However, the people who pay for my meal ticket require me to support this [censored] so I have little choice. |
| UTF-8 Decoding And Fonts Posted: 22 Dec 2021 01:38 AM PST I created an application that users write fancy texts. The only problem is that I don't know how to make command-line render this utf-8 charterer. It works well on every other charterers but it fails to render or show this: \xEF\xAE\xA9 Do I need to install specific font for this? or is there a bug? or is there any settings which i have to fix? By the way I use Ubuntu 20.04 And it looks like an empty rectangle on the default Ubuntu terminal. ScreenShot  |
| Verbose logging: howto save disk? Posted: 22 Dec 2021 01:26 AM PST Situation I'm running a program on Linux, which produces a lot of verbose logs to stdout. The program itself is put into background by using systemd.service facilities. Until now, I have configured the program to store only the major loglevels to disk (to be read with syslog or journalctl), and keep printing the minor, verbose logs to stdout. There was a pretty solid app called reredirect which could reattach me to the verbose-logging pty. So, whenever some misbehaviour happened in the program, I could reattach myself to this pty, and investigate the verbose logs on what is going on. Problem I've changed the architecture to aarch64 and reredirect is not seem available on this platform. Possible solutions - Save all the verbose logs to disk and examine them just as usual: NOK, as verbose log is really huge, will stress the storage, or if I mount it into
tmpfs, it might rotate (as it's huge), and I'll lose earlier, more important major logs. - Starting it in pseudo-tty: wastes resources, thus I have no clue on the feasibility of a systemd.service usage along with screen or tmux.
Most of the time, I need only the major logs. I'm checking it once per week, or bi-weekly. But when a strange behaviour happens, I need to deepdive right into the verbose logs. Restarting the application is not an option because I'd lose the misbehavior, so as the logs. So, how can I reattach my current pty to a custom application's default one on aarch64? |
| Is there a way to decrypt the encrypted files (using ecryptFS) on Linux? Posted: 22 Dec 2021 01:36 AM PST I am using ecryptFS for encryption of data on Linux. Is there a way on Linux to decrypt the data without mounting the encrypted folder? |
| How to move files into subdirectories segregated by date Posted: 22 Dec 2021 01:32 AM PST I have a large directory of files last modified over the past several years through now. Is there an easy command or commands I can type one-time in an interactive bash shell that can create subdirectories with the name of each subdirectory being a four-digit year, and move respective files into each subdirectory when I cannot rely on any information in the file name regarding the age of the file, and finally verify everything I ran worked properly and I didn't lose any files or data? For example given this completely fake example: $ cd ~/Documents $ ls -lhrt ... -rw-r--r-- 4 user user 4.0K Jun 29 2017 oldfile.txt -rw-r--r-- 4 user user 4.0K May 15 2018 2018file.md -rw-r--r-- 4 user user 4.0K Apr 14 2019 04.dat -rw-r--r-- 4 user user 4.0K Jul 21 2019 somepage.html drw-r--r-- 4 user user 4.0K Jul 21 2019 somepage_files -rw-r--r-- 4 user user 4.0K Mar 13 2020 march.dat -rw-r--r-- 4 user user 4.0K Feb 12 18:03 file02.dat -rw-r--r-- 4 user user 4.0K Oct 11 18:03 OctReport.txt
When I'm done, I want to end up with the following: $ cd ~/Documents $ find . . ./2017 ./2017/oldfile.txt ./2018 ./2018/2018file.md ./2019 ./2019/04.dat ./2019/somepage.html ./2019/somepage_files ./2019/somepage_files/... ./2020 ./2020/march.dat ./2021 ./2021/file02.dat ./2021/OctReport.txt
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| How to force set (not subtract) permissions to future files? Posted: 22 Dec 2021 01:14 AM PST I have a program on Ubuntu Linux that creates a logs/error.log file with a permissions 660 (rw-rw----) or 640 (rw-r-----). But I want the file permissions always to be 666 (rw-rw-rw-) (including when the program creates the file). Restrictions: - I can't modify the program. Therefore, I can't change
660 mode using by the program for a new files. - The program can recreate the file at any time. Therefore, the solution with a single manual execution of
chmod is not suitable. - I need to add a bits of permissions, but not subtract. Therefore,
umask and setfacl are not suitable. |
| Ubuntu Azure Virtual Machine - No Space Left On Device Posted: 22 Dec 2021 01:44 AM PST I am a regular Windows user and from time to time I've developed things on Linux but space and machine was provided to me back then. Now I'm using Microsoft Azure and an Ubuntu Virtual Machine by myself and this error seems so strange to me. Why there are lots of mounts and not a combined memory like just /dev/ ? Can't I just merge them altogether? And is there some command from terminal to make free space re-distributed from the one's that have it to one's that not have it. I typed df -i to see whats going on and the result is: Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on /dev/root 3870720 396517 3474203 11% / devtmpfs 2048512 464 2048048 1% /dev tmpfs 2049470 63 2049407 1% /dev/shm tmpfs 2049470 1051 2048419 1% /run tmpfs 2049470 4 2049466 1% /run/lock tmpfs 2049470 18 2049452 1% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/loop0 10833 10833 0 100% /snap/core18/2246 /dev/loop1 10836 10836 0 100% /snap/core18/2253 /dev/loop2 11736 11736 0 100% /snap/core20/1242 /dev/loop3 11776 11776 0 100% /snap/core20/1270 /dev/loop5 796 796 0 100% /snap/lxd/21835 /dev/sdb15 0 0 0 - /boot/efi /dev/loop6 479 479 0 100% /snap/snapd/14295 /dev/loop7 479 479 0 100% /snap/snapd/14066 /dev/loop4 5777 5777 0 100% /snap/docker/1125 /dev/sda1 2097152 12 2097140 1% /mnt tmpfs 2049470 37 2049433 1% /run/user/123 tmpfs 2049470 64 2049406 1% /run/user/1000 /dev/loop8 2268 2268 0 100% /snap/intellij-idea-community/337 /dev/loop9 40310 40310 0 100% /snap/postman/149
df -h: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/root 29G 27G 2.2G 93% / devtmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 7.9G 83M 7.8G 2% /dev/shm tmpfs 1.6G 1.5M 1.6G 1% /run tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/loop1 56M 56M 0 100% /snap/core18/2253 /dev/loop0 56M 56M 0 100% /snap/core18/2246 /dev/loop2 62M 62M 0 100% /snap/core20/1242 /dev/loop3 818M 818M 0 100% /snap/intellij-idea-community/337 /dev/sdb15 105M 5.2M 100M 5% /boot/efi /dev/loop4 62M 62M 0 100% /snap/core20/1270 /dev/loop5 169M 169M 0 100% /snap/postman/149 /dev/loop7 68M 68M 0 100% /snap/lxd/21835 /dev/loop6 44M 44M 0 100% /snap/snapd/14295 /dev/loop8 117M 117M 0 100% /snap/docker/1125 /dev/loop9 43M 43M 0 100% /snap/snapd/14066 /dev/sda1 32G 49M 30G 1% /mnt tmpfs 1.6G 20K 1.6G 1% /run/user/123 tmpfs 1.6G 28K 1.6G 1% /run/user/1000
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| Kali Linux - dpkg error while upgrading system. Error processing package powershell-empire (--configure): Posted: 22 Dec 2021 04:20 AM PST I was upgrading my Kali Linux VPS using standard sudo apt update and later sudo apt upgrade commands while I encountered an error: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1). I'm quite fresh Kali user, therefore I don't know why this error happened? Apart from standard Kali installation, I have XFCE desktop environment installed and POSTGRE SQL database. Nothing else. But for some time now I'm connecting to the server using SSH. I was even more surprised, because I knew that Kali uses APT package manager, therefore I don't understand why there's DPKG error there. (michal㉿kali)-[~] └─$ sudo apt upgrade -y Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done Reading state information... Done Calculating upgrade... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: baobab caribou cryptsetup-run folks-common gir1.2-caribou-1.0 gir1.2-clutter-1.0 gir1.2-cogl-1.0 gir1.2-coglpango-1.0 gir1.2-handy-0.0 gir1.2-mutter-8 gnom gnome-contacts gnome-core gnome-font-viewer gnome-logs gnome-online-miners gnome-tweak-tool golang-1.16-go golang-1.16-src gstreamer1.0-packagekit kwin-sty libamtk-5-0 libamtk-5-common libaom0 libavif12 libavif9 libcamel-1.2-62 libcaribou-common libcaribou0 libcbor0 libcodec2-0.9 libdap27 libdapclient6v5 libda libedataserver-1.2-25 libedataserverui-1.2-2 libepsilon1 libextutils-pkgconfig-perl libfluidsynth2 libfolks-eds26 libfolks26 libgdal28 libgdal29 libgdk-pix libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 libgeos-3.9.0 libgeos-3.9.1 libgfbgraph-0.2-0 libgupnp-1.2-0 libhandy-0.0-0 libidn11 libkdecorations2private7 libkwineffects12a libkwing libkwinxrenderutils12 libmusicbrainz5-2 libmusicbrainz5cc2v5 libmutter-8-0 libnetcdf18 libntfs-3g883 libomp-11-dev libomp5-11 libplacebo72 libproj19 libquv libquvi-scripts-0.9 libstrictures-perl libtepl-5-0 libtracker-control-2.0-0 libtracker-miner-2.0-0 libtracker-sparql-2.0-0 liburcu6 liburing1 libvncclient1 libwireshark14 libwiretap11 libwsutil12 libx265-192 libxmlb1 libyara4 libzapojit-0.0-0 linux-image-5.10.0-kali7-amd64 lua-bitop lua-expat lua-json lua-sock odbcinst1debian2 python3-editor python3-exif python3-gevent python3-gevent-websocket python3-ipython-genutils python3-jupyter-core python3-m2crypto python3 python3-orjson python3-parameterized python3-pbr python3-plotly python3-pylnk python3-stem python3-tenacity python3-zope.event vlc-bin vlc-l10n vlc-plugin- vlc-plugin-notify vlc-plugin-qt vlc-plugin-samba vlc-plugin-skins2 vlc-plugin-video-splitter vlc-plugin-visualization Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them. The following packages have been kept back: breeze breeze-cursor-theme kde-cli-tools kde-cli-tools-data kde-config-gtk-style kde-config-screenlocker kde-plasma-desktop kde-style-breeze khotkeys khotk kwin-common kwin-data kwin-style-breeze kwin-x11 libcolorcorrect5 libkdecorations2-5v5 libkdecorations2private9 libkf5sysguard-bin libkf5sysguard-data libk libkfontinstui5 libkscreenlocker5 libksgrd9 libksignalplotter9 libksysguardformatter1 libksysguardsensorfaces1 libksysguardsensors1 libkwaylandserver5 libkwin4-effect-builtins1 libkwineffects13 libkwinglutils13 libkwinxrenderutils13 libkworkspace5-5 libnotificationmanager1 libplasma-geolocation-interface5 libpowerdevilcore2 libpowerdevilui5 libprocesscore9 libprocessui9 libsemanage-common libtaskmanager6abi1 libweather-ion7 passwd plasma-desktop plasma-deskt plasma-workspace plasma-workspace-data powerdevil powerdevil-data qml-module-org-kde-ksysguard systemsettings The following packages will be upgraded: libdecor-0-0 libdecor-0-plugin-1-cairo libnet-pcap-perl 3 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 51 not upgraded. 4 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 92.4 kB of archives. After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://mirror.serverius.net/kali kali-rolling/main amd64 libdecor-0-plugin-1-cairo amd64 0.1.0-3 [19.0 kB] Get:2 http://mirror.neostrada.nl/kali kali-rolling/main amd64 libdecor-0-0 amd64 0.1.0-3 [13.2 kB] Get:3 http://mirror.neostrada.nl/kali kali-rolling/main amd64 libnet-pcap-perl amd64 0.20-1 [60.2 kB] Fetched 92.4 kB in 1s (130 kB/s) (Reading database ... 468468 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../libdecor-0-plugin-1-cairo_0.1.0-3_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libdecor-0-plugin-1-cairo:amd64 (0.1.0-3) over (0.1.0-2) ... Preparing to unpack .../libdecor-0-0_0.1.0-3_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libdecor-0-0:amd64 (0.1.0-3) over (0.1.0-2) ... Preparing to unpack .../libnet-pcap-perl_0.20-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libnet-pcap-perl (0.20-1) over (0.19-1) ... Setting up powershell-empire (4.2.0-0kali2) ... Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/share/powershell-empire/empire.py", line 11, in <module> import empire.server.server as server File "/usr/share/powershell-empire/empire/server/server.py", line 24, in <module> import socketio File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/socketio/__init__.py", line 3, in <module> from .client import Client File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/socketio/client.py", line 7, in <module> import engineio File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/engineio/__init__.py", line 8, in <module> from .asyncio_client import AsyncClient File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/engineio/asyncio_client.py", line 7, in <module> import aiohttp File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/aiohttp/__init__.py", line 6, in <module> from .client import ( File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/aiohttp/client.py", line 35, in <module> from . import hdrs, http, payload File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/aiohttp/http.py", line 7, in <module> from .http_parser import ( File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/aiohttp/http_parser.py", line 15, in <module> from .helpers import NO_EXTENSIONS, BaseTimerContext File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/aiohttp/helpers.py", line 667, in <module> class CeilTimeout(async_timeout.timeout): TypeError: function() argument 'code' must be code, not str dpkg: error processing package powershell-empire (--configure): installed powershell-empire package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1 dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of kali-linux-headless: kali-linux-headless depends on powershell-empire; however: Package powershell-empire is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package kali-linux-headless (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Setting up libdecor-0-0:amd64 (0.1.0-3) ... Setting up libnet-pcap-perl (0.20-1) ... dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of kali-linux-default: kali-linux-default depends on kali-linux-headless; however: Package kali-linux-headless is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package kali-linux-default (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Setting up libdecor-0-plugin-1-cairo:amd64 (0.1.0-3) ... dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of kali-linux-large: kali-linux-large depends on kali-linux-default; however: Package kali-linux-default is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package kali-linux-large (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.32-4) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.4-2) ... Processing triggers for kali-menu (2021.4.2) ... Errors were encountered while processing: powershell-empire kali-linux-headless kali-linux-default kali-linux-large E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) ┌──(michal㉿kali)-[~] └─$ ./setup/install.sh 100 ⨯ zsh: no such file or directory: ./setup/install.sh
(michal㉿kali)-[~] └─$ sudo dpkg --configure -a 130 ⨯ Setting up powershell-empire (4.2.0-0kali2) ... Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/share/powershell-empire/empire.py", line 11, in <module> import empire.server.server as server File "/usr/share/powershell-empire/empire/server/server.py", line 24, in <module> import socketio File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/socketio/__init__.py", line 3, in <module> from .client import Client File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/socketio/client.py", line 7, in <module> import engineio File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/engineio/__init__.py", line 8, in <module> from .asyncio_client import AsyncClient File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/engineio/asyncio_client.py", line 7, in <module> import aiohttp File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/aiohttp/__init__.py", line 6, in <module> from .client import ( File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/aiohttp/client.py", line 35, in <module> from . import hdrs, http, payload File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/aiohttp/http.py", line 7, in <module> from .http_parser import ( File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/aiohttp/http_parser.py", line 15, in <module> from .helpers import NO_EXTENSIONS, BaseTimerContext File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/aiohttp/helpers.py", line 667, in <module> class CeilTimeout(async_timeout.timeout): TypeError: function() argument 'code' must be code, not str dpkg: error processing package powershell-empire (--configure): installed powershell-empire package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1 dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of kali-linux-headless: kali-linux-headless depends on powershell-empire; however: Package powershell-empire is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package kali-linux-headless (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of kali-linux-default: kali-linux-default depends on kali-linux-headless; however: Package kali-linux-headless is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package kali-linux-default (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of kali-linux-large: kali-linux-large depends on kali-linux-default; however: Package kali-linux-default is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package kali-linux-large (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Errors were encountered while processing: powershell-empire kali-linux-headless kali-linux-default kali-linux-large
I don't know where should I ask this question. I got a database there, which is pretty important for me - It's a part of my masters degree, so destroying the server and reinstalling Kali is not an option. |
| How can I check passphrase of gpg from a file? Posted: 22 Dec 2021 03:31 AM PST I want to check whether the passphrase of my user-id located inside a file is correct or not. I have stored my passphrase in a file (/home/user/.gpg_pass.txt), than I use it as: gpg --verbose --batch --yes --pinentry-mode loopback \ --passphrase-file=/home/user/.gpg_pass.txt --decrypt <file>
Before using this command, I want to verify that the passphrase inside the file is correctly entered. I have tried, which did not help: cat /home/user/.gpg_pass.txt | gpg --dry-run --passwd <key_id>
From man of gpg: --passwd user-id Change the passphrase of the secret key belonging to the certificate specified as user-id. This is a shortcut for the sub-command passwd of the edit key menu. When using together with the option --dry-run this will not actually change the passphrase but check that the current passphrase is correct.
When I enter: $ gpg --dry-run --passwd <key_id>
Two times following window show up I enter the passphrase, (if wrong passphrase is entered it says Bad Passphrase (try 2 of 3) in the GUI-console): ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │ Please enter the passphrase to unlock the OpenPGP secret key: │ │ "Alper <alper@gmail.com>" │ │ 3072-bit RSA key, ID 86B9E988681A51D1, │ │ created 2021-12-15. │ │ │ │ │ │ Passphrase: __________________________________________________ │ │ │ │ <OK> <Cancel> │ └────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Instead of manually entering passphrase into GUI inside console, can it be pipe in the gpg --dry-run --passwd <key_id> and can its output could be returned, verifying is the given passphrase correct or not?
Related: https://stackoverflow.com/q/11381123/2402577 |
| Systemd log to file prepend timestamp Posted: 22 Dec 2021 02:02 AM PST I have a systemd service that logs to files: [Unit] Description=... [Service] ExecStart=/path/to/my_service StandardOutput=append:/var/log/my_service/log.log StandardError=append:/var/log/my_service/err_log.log [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
I would like to prepend the current timestamp to each line as can be achieved in the terminal with the ts command from moreutils using: /path/to/my_service | /usr/bin/ts '[%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S]'
I tried: ExecStart=/path/to/my_service | /usr/bin/ts '[%%Y-%%m-%%d %%H:%%M:%%S]'
but the log output still looks the same. How can I prepend the timestamp to each line in both the StandardOutput and StandardError log files? |
| turn 1st row into + 3 columns in file txt Posted: 22 Dec 2021 01:21 AM PST  I have a txt file, which looks like this:
#A9999999999999 012021I 0099999999 000000000099999999+000000000000000000-000000000000000000- 0099999999 000000000099999999+000000000000000000-000000000000000000- 0099999999 000000000099999999+000000000000000000-000000000000000000- 0099999999 000000000099999999+000000000000000000-000000000000000000-
With the first row I want to create 3 more columns 9999999,012021,I,0099999999,000000000099999999+,000000000000000000-,000000000000000000- 9999999,012021,I,0099999999,000000000099999999+,000000000000000000-,000000000000000000- 9999999,012021,I,0099999999,000000000099999999+,000000000000000000-,000000000000000000- 9999999,012021,I,0099999999,000000000099999999+,000000000000000000-,000000000000000000-
This example would include 3 columns with the value of the first row, first column with these positions 1st Column (08-15) 2nd column (30-35), 3rd column position 36 with the data of the 1st row. During the insertion of the first part of the file the tab has changed the structure a little for some browsers. So I put a photo of what the layout of the file looks like. I am currently using Debian. The first few attempts I was trying with cat and sed. As I'm not familiar with the syntax I came to ask for some examples. |
| Showing ImportError: cannot import name 'Message' from 'can' in my Ubuntu Posted: 22 Dec 2021 01:55 AM PST In my laptop Ubuntu 20, I am using TCP sockets for sending and receiving messages in Python and I am using can library. So the line in my python code here is: from can import Message
It was working fine but then I changed the folders and then I am getting the below error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home/rafi/PycharmProjects/Right Turn/CAN_simulator_Recv.py", line 12, in <module> from can import Message ImportError: cannot import name 'Message' from 'can' (/home/rafi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/can/__init__.py)
Can anyone help me with this error? Maybe it has something to do with directory or packages? The same can library is working fine in my Raspberry Pi Ubuntu 20. Will reinstalling the laptop's Ubuntu help? I installed it with the below command pip3 install python-can
Tried uninstalling using the below command pip3 uninstall python-can
But after trying to uninstall, it showed below error PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied:
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| LVM: df reports lots of free space, and no free space on PV Posted: 22 Dec 2021 03:01 AM PST I want to remove one partition from LVM. df -h reports a 46GB of free space: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/centos-root 58G 13G 46G 23% / devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 1.9G 9.1M 1.9G 1% /run tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 1014M 261M 754M 26% /boot VBoxShared 466G 278G 189G 60% /media/sf_VBoxShared tmpfs 379M 4.0K 379M 1% /run/user/42 tmpfs 379M 48K 379M 1% /run/user/1000
However for some reason all LVM thinks that I have no free space - here is output from pvs -o+pv_used: PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree Used /dev/sda2 centos lvm2 a-- <9.00g 0 <9.00g /dev/sda3 centos lvm2 a-- <20.00g 0 <20.00g /dev/sda5 centos lvm2 a-- <30.00g 0 <30.00g
Because of this pvmove /dev/sda5 fails with error "No extents available for allocation.". What happened with my system and how to fix this? For reference, here is output of fdisk -l (I have resized physical volume in VirtualBox by adding extra 20GB there): Disk /dev/sda: 85.9 GB, 85899345920 bytes, 167772160 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000c178c Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux /dev/sda2 2099200 20971519 9436160 8e Linux LVM /dev/sda3 20971520 62914559 20971520 8e Linux LVM /dev/sda4 62914560 125829119 31457280 5 Extended /dev/sda5 62916608 125829119 31456256 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 62.3 GB, 62264442880 bytes, 121610240 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I have CentOS 7.5. |
| ssh with rsa key asks for password Posted: 22 Dec 2021 04:04 AM PST I have a server with Ubuntu 14.04 x64 operation system. Part of my sshd_config file (entire file): Port 2202 Protocol 2 PermitRootLogin without-password StrictModes yes RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes AuthorizedKeysFile /etc/ssh/keys/%u/authorized_keys RhostsRSAAuthentication no PermitEmptyPasswords no ChallengeResponseAuthentication no #PasswordAuthentication yes UsePAM yes
In folder /etc/ssh/keys each system user has its own folder with authorized_keys file: ls -l /etc/ssh/keys drw------- 2 test.com test.com 4096 Nov 20 06:53 test.com drw------- 2 root root 4096 Nov 20 02:29 root
The permissions of these authorized_keys files are correct: ls -l /etc/ssh/keys/* /etc/ssh/keys/test.com: total 4 -r-------- 1 test.com test.com 960 Nov 20 07:17 authorized_keys /etc/ssh/keys/root: total 4 -r-------- 1 root root 395 Nov 20 02:29 authorized_keys
I have the same public id_rsa in root's and test.com's authorized_keys file.
I can login with root through ssh, but with test.com I am prompted for password. Here is the debug info when trying to connect with test.com user: debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering RSA public key: /Users/Ivan/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug1: Trying private key: /Users/Ivan/.ssh/id_dsa debug1: Next authentication method: password
When I try to login with root I succeed: debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering RSA public key: /Users/Ivan/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg ssh-rsa blen 279 debug1: Authentication succeeded (publickey).
I have Googled a lot of things. Couldn't find anything that solves my problem. I have a script which creates system users using useradd command and these users are without passwords by default. I've found that system users without password may not login through ssh so I added password to test.com user. Didn't work. I saw that UsePAM yes may be a problem. I set it to UsePAM no. Didn't work. And yes, I did service ssh restart after each change to the sshd_config file. I think I've tried everything and now I am clueless. Any help will be appreciated! |
| Exim4 550-Verification failed - how to allow any sender? Posted: 22 Dec 2021 02:04 AM PST Mail sent from a daemon on my server connecting to exim4 daemon light using SMTP seems to be being frozen. In the exim4 log: 2014-10-01 09:52:19 1XZKKJ-00049R-8p <= noreply@example.com H=localhost (server.example.com) [127.0.0.1] P=esmtp S=9492 014-10-01 09:52:22 1XZKKJ-00049R-8p ** someone@somewhere.com R=dnslookup T=remote_smtp: SMTP error from remote mail server after RCPT TO:<someone@somewhere.com>: host somewhere.com [203.170.86.177]: 550-Verification failed for <noreply@example.com> 550-No Such User Here 550 Sender verify failed
I think this is saying exim4 rejected the sender's, i.e. the from email address? Exim4 is running on server.example.com and I am using noreply@example.com as the sender which does not exist - it worked in the past. I had to recently re-do domain records on example.com but they are all OK now and have percolated out (they were done days ago). I think I have the same issue as here: http://help.directadmin.com/item.php?id=59, but cannot try the solution as cannot find exim4 configuration file is - there are many under /etc/exim4/conf.d (I just ran dpkg-reconfigure exim4-config when I installed exim) and the documentation says there is just one? Also how was it working before? I am prepared to allow any sender - the firewall blocks external access to exim and I am only using it to send mail from my own daemon. UPDATE Sending to other email addresses works, just to particular one (that is certainly valid) does not - which is weird because exim says it is problem with sender not recipient?! |
| How to follow links in linux man pages? Posted: 22 Dec 2021 01:10 AM PST Is there a way to follow the links mentioned in a man page? For example, here's the man page for ps; how do I access the underlined link circled in red in the screenshot: top(1)? 
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