| overlayfs duplicating files across overlays via NFS Posted: 23 May 2021 08:44 AM PDT On Linux 4.19.0-16-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 4.19.181-1 (2021-03-19) x86_64 GNU/Linux Problem: I am trying to use overlayfs and NFS to aggregate media files into a set of exported filesystems. When I export more than one overlayed directory all the directories show the same files. What I did: I have a few directories full of mkv/flac files. Each directory tracks where I got the file from; eg flac from ProStudioMaster or HDTracks etc. I do not want to combine them. using this command works fine locally. mount -t overlay overlay -o ro -o lowerdir=/storage/music/ProStudioMaster:/storage/music/HDTracks -o nfs_export=on -o index=on -o redirect_dir=nofollow /exports/music
Via nfs I can also see the files with this entry in /etc/exports.d /exports/music a.b.c.0/24(ro,insecure,all_squash,anonuid=x,anongid=y)
If I subsequently add another overlay directory to /exports (e.g. /exports/mkv) with matching entry in /etc/exports.d then locally the behavior is correct, /exports/music shows music and /exports/mkv shows mkv. Remotely via NFS the two directories list the same files, depending on whichever one is ls'd first. That is, on the NFS client, ls /mnt/music shows the same files as ls /mnt/mkv even though on the server the set of files is different. thanks in advance for any help in resolving this.  |
| How to list total number of lines of every txt file Posted: 23 May 2021 10:04 AM PDT I'am trying to figure out how to get total number of lines from all txt files. I think the problem is on the line 6. -> let $((total = total + count )). Anybody knows whats to correct form of this? #!/bin/bash total=0 find /home -type f -name "*.txt" | while read -r FILE; do count=$(grep -c ^ < "$FILE") echo "$FILE has $count lines" let $((total = total + count )) done echo TOTAL LINES COUNTED: $total
Thank you  |
| What is hyperthreading? How single core act as multiple thread? [closed] Posted: 23 May 2021 08:21 AM PDT I want to understand what is hyperthreading? According to me in hyperthreading single core act as multiple thread logically appear as different core. So I want to understand What instant of time is utilized to boost performance and is there any hardware difference between CPU support hyperthreading and that does not? If yes, Whats that?  |
| Sudoer inside schroot (on Debian) Posted: 23 May 2021 07:05 AM PDT This is a typical schroot.conf configuration I use: [label] description=whatever type=directory personality=linux preserve-environment=true directory=/wherever users=UserForSchrootOnly profile=desktop_no_tmp
No root-users directive.
Separate home directories for schroot env, not using host's /home. I login with host OS's UserForSchrootOnly user to these schroot environments. I usually add this user to the /etc/sudoers.d/someConf file inside schroot, with a line, UserForSchrootOnly ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
One of my goals of this setup is to have a quite isolated environment (not for audit kind of strict isolation, but efficient in practice), both through schroot and by using an OS user only for this purpose and nowhere else. On the other hand, for practical reasons it's much easier to have this dedicated user to be sudoer also, inside the schroot env of course.
A use case is to run an untrusted closed source app. My concern is:
Since UserForSchrootOnly user is a sudoer inside the schroot env, is it possible to be any compromise of security for the host system due to this? Any way to use sudo elevation inside schroot env, to access something outside of schroot or outside UserForSchrootOnly's home dir on the host system? Man page of schroot.conf mentions that root access to chroot is a serious risk; I'm not concerned about user's misbehaviour. My concern is about the untrusted, closed source app, taking advantage of the sudoer user it runs.  |
| Run command after ssh connection, without disconnecting Posted: 23 May 2021 06:56 AM PDT I want to run a command automatically after I connect to another machine via ssh, without the ssh session being closed automatically. After searching the internet I found some solutions but none of them work the way I need. ssh bla@bla "ls"
This runs the ls command on the remote machine, shows me the output and closes the connection. I also tried editing the ssh config file with Host bla HostName bla User bla IdentityFile ~/.ssh/key RemoteCommand ls RequestTTY force
Same issue, this connects via ssh, runs the ls command, shows me the output and then exits. Not even the RequestTTY option helped. ssh bla@bla "ls ; bash"
This doesn't disconnect after running ls, but I don't get a full terminal interface, just some bare bones command line that doesn't show the me@machine:~$ thing. What I actually want: Either some bash alias, or .ssh/config entry that will allow me to type in a simple command which will connect to the remote machine and then run a command there and leave the terminal open. Basically as if I did this by hand: type ssh blah@blah
and then after it connects I would type ls
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| Sorting Names in file in Lexicographic Order [migrated] Posted: 23 May 2021 06:30 AM PDT You have a text file eg:dataBaseSmall.txt that has names of your N friends and their corresponding mobile numbers in the following format. (A name (without spaces) followed by a space and the corresponding phone number) as follows Kalimohan +917555501305 Bhooshit +918555346394 Ahsan +919055511641 Duranjaya +919155578267 Jahan +919655526742 Bharat +918555026818
Your task is to write a program that reads the given file and prints the names in lexicographical order. Example: Input: dataBaseSmall.txt 6
where dataBaseSmall.txt contains details of N = 6 friends. Kalimohan +917555501305 Bhooshit +918555346394 Ahsan +919055511641 Duranjaya +919155578267 Jahan +919655526742 Bharat +918555026818
Output: Ahsan Bharat Bhooshit Duranjaya Jahan Kalimohan
Explanation: The names are printed in lexicographic (dictionary) order. My code: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> struct Friend{ char name[20]; char mobile[20]; }; typedef struct Friend Friend; //feel free to use string functions such as strlen, strcmp etc. //create functions and modularize your solution. //solving this problem should take you a good amount of time. Have patience and take it as a challenge. int main(){ char filename[100], str[100]; int N; FILE* fp; Friend* myFriends = (Friend*)malloc(N*sizeof(Friend)); scanf("%s", filename); scanf("%d", &N); fp = fopen(filename, "r"); fscanf(fp, "%s", *myFriends); fprintf fclose(fp); return 0; }
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| Why Does the Wifi Lag During Google Meetings[Debian 10]? Posted: 23 May 2021 08:19 AM PDT I recently noticed that the Google and Zoom meetings; that I attend using Chrome, Firefox, started to lag. The lag usually endures for 4 seconds. During the lag spikes, my screen doesn't freeze, and OS is responding as usual. The other speakers become muted, and their cameras freeze. All of this ends after ~4 seconds pass. The lag spikes happen every few minutes. My wifi stats: ping - download speed - upload speed
I'm not able to test the issue of laggy meetings on Windows. Are there any other ways to further investigate the cause? Why do my meetings lag?  |
| Why my zsh script doesn't echo anything? Posted: 23 May 2021 09:56 AM PDT script: #!/bin/zsh IFS=$'\n' arr=($(alias | grep 'git' | grep "^[g|\'g]" | sed 's/=.*//' | sed "s/'//")) echo $arr
These two lines work in the normal command line: ~/test ····································································································································· test-Cj2sK_tx ❮ IFS=$'\n' arr=($(alias | grep 'git' | grep "^[g|\'g]" | sed 's/=.*//' | sed "s/'//")) ~/test ····································································································································· test-Cj2sK_tx ❯ echo $arr g ga gaa gam gama gamc gams gamscp gap gapa gapt gau gav gb gbD gba gbd gbda gbl gbnm gbr gbs gbsb gbsg gbsr gbss gc gc!' gca gca!' gcam gcan!' gcans!' gcas gcasm gcb gcd gcf gcl gclean gcm gcmsg gcn!' gco gcount gcp gcpa gcpc gcs gcsm gd gdca gdct gdcw gds gdt gdw gf gfa gfg gfo gg gga ggpull ggpush ggsup ghh gignore gignored git-svn-dcommit-push gk gke gl glg glgg glgga glgm glgp glo glod glods glog gloga glol glola glols glp glum gm gma gmom gmt gmtvim gmum gp gpd gpf gpf!' gpoat gpristine gpsup gpu gpv gr gra grb grba grbc grbd grbi grbm grbo grbs grev grh grhh grm grmc grmv groh grrm grs grset grss grst grt gru grup grv gsb gsd gsh gsi gsps gsr gss gst gsta gstaa gstall gstc gstd gstl gstp gsts gsu gsw gswc gtl gts gtv gunignore gunwip gup gupa gupav gupv gwch gwip
However, it doesn't work when these two commands are in the script file... ~/test ····································································································································· test-Cj2sK_tx ❯ /bin/zsh ./d-alias.sh # nothing here...
Thank you for any help. Many thanks.  |
| chromium: change scrollbar color Posted: 23 May 2021 06:16 AM PDT Is it possible to change color of the scrollbar in Chromium browser, without having to install yet another extension? Perhaps by modifying some css file somewhere? I am using chromium 83 on Debian 10. I know how to achieve this in Firefox. I just added following lines to userContent.css html,body{ scrollbar-color: #B63C29 #555555 !important; }
Is there something similar I can do to achieve same for Chromium?  |
| Invert screen and invert mouse on my Kali Linux live(debian) latest Posted: 23 May 2021 06:27 AM PDT After installing Kali Linux live (debian) on my USB drive/on running it the display was invert same as the mouse I have tried some basc commands like xrandr but to no avail.  |
| Create new set of aliases based on current set of aliases (eg. gst -> dst)? Posted: 23 May 2021 09:49 AM PDT |
| format output of xdotool window geometry Posted: 23 May 2021 07:58 AM PDT I have the following xdotool output from the shell: Window 98566146 Position: 5,279 (screen: 0) Geometry: 960x480
I want it to be : x=5 y=279 width=960 height=480
with awk, sed, or other tools. CLARIFICATION: I want to format output of xdotool search --sync --class mpv getwindowgeometry the way I described above using regular expression replace techniques via awk, sed or other tools. There is an example in the following link sed/awk replace a specific pattern under another pattern. Such as echo -e "Window 98566146\n Position: 5,279 (screen: 0)\n Geometry: 960x480\n" | awk ....
EDIT2: Actually I could try the following awk line: echo -e "Window 98566146\n Position: 5,279 (screen: 0)\n Geometry: 960x480\n" | awk -F'[:]' '{if (NR>1) print $2}'
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| Why sh has a symbolic link to dash or bash? Posted: 23 May 2021 05:51 AM PDT I found that sh is a symbolic link to bash lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 May 9 15:23 /bin/sh -> bash
I tried to find a reason and i found out that bash is a implementation of sh and can behave like sh or POSIX. So scripts with #!/bin/sh are invoked by bash with a try to mimic behaviour of sh. And there are other impletations too like dash, csh etc. While reading this answer when invoked with /bin/sh bash moves to POSIX mode after reading startup files. I don't have much experience with shells but as these answers are stating : there is no sh by default in some systems and bash or any other shell is doing the homework for sh. And i want some expert opinion on this matter. - When invoked with sh Bash enters POSIX mode after reading startup files. But what are these startup files?
- So the point is if bash is doing the work of sh in my system than does this means that there is no sh in my system and all the scripts with sh is invoked by bash or any other shell to which sh points to.
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| Why is OpenVPN Client Failing to Connect on Linux? Posted: 23 May 2021 07:03 AM PDT This VPN works fine in Windows however trying to start it in CentOS works for a few seconds and eventually stops with no message in error logs. Also the server instantly stops responding to pings whilst connecting where as the Windows machine keeps going. client dev tun proto udp remote 151.80.xxx.xxx 1194 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun remote-cert-tls server auth SHA512 cipher AES-256-CBC ignore-unknown-option block-outside-dns block-outside-dns verb 3
ip r without VPN active default via 51.195.234.254 dev eth0 51.195.234.254 dev eth0 scope link
With it active 0.0.0.0/1 via 10.8.0.1 dev tun0 default via 51.195.234.254 dev eth0 10.8.0.0/24 dev tun0 proto kernel scope link src 10.8.0.2 51.195.234.254 dev eth0 scope link 128.0.0.0/1 via 10.8.0.1 dev tun0 151.80.xxx.xx via 51.195.234.254 dev eth0
Log Fri May 21 19:42:19 2021 OpenVPN 2.4.11 x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu [Fedora EPEL patched] [SSL (OpenSSL)] [LZO] [LZ4] [EPOLL] [PKCS11] [MH/PKTINFO] [AEAD] built on Apr 21 2021 Fri May 21 19:42:19 2021 library versions: OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017, LZO 2.06 Fri May 21 19:42:19 2021 Outgoing Control Channel Encryption: Cipher 'AES-256-CTR' initialized with 256 bit key Fri May 21 19:42:19 2021 Outgoing Control Channel Encryption: Using 256 bit message hash 'SHA256' for HMAC authentication Fri May 21 19:42:19 2021 Incoming Control Channel Encryption: Cipher 'AES-256-CTR' initialized with 256 bit key Fri May 21 19:42:19 2021 Incoming Control Channel Encryption: Using 256 bit message hash 'SHA256' for HMAC authentication Fri May 21 19:42:19 2021 TCP/UDP: Preserving recently used remote address: [AF_INET]151.80.xxx.xxx:1194 Fri May 21 19:42:19 2021 Socket Buffers: R=[212992->212992] S=[212992->212992] Fri May 21 19:42:19 2021 UDP link local: (not bound) Fri May 21 19:42:19 2021 UDP link remote: [AF_INET]151.80.xxx.xxx:1194 Fri May 21 19:42:19 2021 TLS: Initial packet from [AF_INET]151.80.xxx.xxx:1194, sid=3b917597 2f279e15 Fri May 21 19:42:19 2021 VERIFY OK: depth=1, CN=ChangeMe Fri May 21 19:42:19 2021 VERIFY KU OK Fri May 21 19:42:19 2021 Validating certificate extended key usage Fri May 21 19:42:19 2021 ++ Certificate has EKU (str) TLS Web Server Authentication, expects TLS Web Server Authentication Fri May 21 19:42:19 2021 VERIFY EKU OK Fri May 21 19:42:19 2021 VERIFY OK: depth=0, CN=server Fri May 21 19:42:19 2021 Control Channel: TLSv1.2, cipher TLSv1/SSLv3 ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384, 2048 bit RSA Fri May 21 19:42:19 2021 [server] Peer Connection Initiated with [AF_INET]151.80.xxx.xxx:1194 Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 SENT CONTROL [server]: 'PUSH_REQUEST' (status=1) Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REPLY,redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp,dhcp-option DNS 213.186.33.99,dhcp-option DNS 213.186.33.199,route-gateway 10.8.0.1,topology subnet,ping 10,ping-restart 120,ifconfig 10.8.0.2 255.255.255.0,peer-id 0,cipher AES-256-GCM' Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 OPTIONS IMPORT: timers and/or timeouts modified Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 OPTIONS IMPORT: --ifconfig/up options modified Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 OPTIONS IMPORT: route options modified Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 OPTIONS IMPORT: route-related options modified Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 OPTIONS IMPORT: --ip-win32 and/or --dhcp-option options modified Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 OPTIONS IMPORT: peer-id set Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 OPTIONS IMPORT: adjusting link_mtu to 1624 Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 OPTIONS IMPORT: data channel crypto options modified Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 Data Channel: using negotiated cipher 'AES-256-GCM' Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 Outgoing Data Channel: Cipher 'AES-256-GCM' initialized with 256 bit key Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 Incoming Data Channel: Cipher 'AES-256-GCM' initialized with 256 bit key Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 ROUTE_GATEWAY 51.195.234.254 Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 TUN/TAP device tun0 opened Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 TUN/TAP TX queue length set to 100 Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 /sbin/ip link set dev tun0 up mtu 1500 Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 /sbin/ip addr add dev tun0 10.8.0.2/24 broadcast 10.8.0.255 Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 /sbin/ip route add 151.80.xxx.xxx/32 via 51.195.234.254 Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 /sbin/ip route add 0.0.0.0/1 via 10.8.0.1 Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 /sbin/ip route add 128.0.0.0/1 via 10.8.0.1 Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 WARNING: this configuration may cache passwords in memory -- use the auth-nocache option to prevent this Fri May 21 19:42:20 2021 Initialization Sequence Completed
Windows ipconfig /all Unknown adapter OpenVPN TAP-Windows6: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : TAP-Windows Adapter V9 Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-FF-18-08-1B-04 DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : Yes Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80::5185:de54:7498:6c08%4(Preferred) IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 10.8.0.2(Preferred) Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Lease Obtained. . . . . . . . . . : Friday, May 21, 2021 8:55:25 PM Lease Expires . . . . . . . . . . : Saturday, May 21, 2022 8:55:25 PM Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : DHCP Server . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.8.0.254 DHCPv6 IAID . . . . . . . . . . . : 184614680 DHCPv6 Client DUID. . . . . . . . : 00-01-00-01-28-38-63-9A-02-00-00-F8-D9-D4 DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 213.186.33.99 213.186.33.199 NetBIOS over Tcpip. . . . . . . . : Enabled
Debian 10: 0.0.0.0/1 via 10.8.0.1 dev tun0 default via 51.195.234.254 dev eth0 onlink 10.8.0.0/24 dev tun0 proto kernel scope link src 10.8.0.2 128.0.0.0/1 via 10.8.0.1 dev tun0
Windows ping when connected: C:\Users\Administrator>ping 10.8.0.1 Pinging 10.8.0.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.8.0.1: bytes=32 time=4ms TTL=64 Reply from 10.8.0.1: bytes=32 time=4ms TTL=64 Reply from 10.8.0.1: bytes=32 time=4ms TTL=64 Reply from 10.8.0.1: bytes=32 time=4ms TTL=64 Ping statistics for 10.8.0.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 4ms, Maximum = 4ms, Average = 4ms
Linux Ping: ping 10.8.0.1 PING 10.8.0.1 (10.8.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data. --- 10.8.0.1 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3999ms
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| Bash input loop with conditions Posted: 23 May 2021 05:31 AM PDT I'm trying to create a program that would take input from a user and then repeat questions based on that variable. How the code should work: User receives a question, user has to input a valid participant number between 5-20. Then, this participant number should be used in a second loop to ask each user once for their name and country. If the name is longer than 10 characters, or the country isn't Italy, then a warning message should appear to ask the user to repeat the question correctly. Finally, after the applicant has input the correct information, both name and country inputs should be sent to an external file. This should repeat for each applicant. I've tried to implement this, but the loop seems to keep on going, even if the user has incorrectly input the name/state. Any help would be very much appreciated. #!/bin/sh i=0 read -p "Welcome to the lottery program. Please enter a number of participants between 5-20." input while [ $input -lt 5 ] || [ $input -gt 20 ] do read -rp "Number of people must be 5-20" input done while [ $i -lt $input ] do read -p "Enter name(max 10 characters)" name read -p "Enter country(only for people outside of Italy)" country if [ ${#name} -le 10 ] && [ "$country" != "Italy" ] then i=$((i+1)) echo $name $country >>echo.txt elif [ ${#name} -gt 10 ] read -rp "Your name is too long. Please try again" else echo "Italy isn't accepted. Please enter another country" fi done echo "All $input records have been saved"
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| Bluetooth Issues on PopOS 21.04 Posted: 23 May 2021 05:39 AM PDT I am on PopOS 21.04. Until recently, everything was working perfectly, but after some updates, I could not enable bluetooth from the Settings panel. I tried enabling bluetooth from the command line with bluetoothctl scan on and got an error saying the following:
$ bluetoothctl scan on Connection ":1.116" is not allowed to own the service "org.bluez" due to security policies in the configuration file
I added the -d flag to the bluetooth.service's ExecStart parameter and got the following debug logs after a coldboot: $ journalctl --unit=bluetooth -f May 20 10:25:08 nilanjan-mitra bluetoothd[915]: src/profile.c:ext_adapter_probe() ":1.124/org/bluez/obex/00005005_0000_1000_8000_0002ee000001/00005005-0000-1000-8000-0002ee000001" probed May 20 10:25:08 nilanjan-mitra bluetoothd[915]: src/adapter.c:adapter_service_add() /org/bluez/hci0 May 20 10:25:08 nilanjan-mitra bluetoothd[915]: src/sdpd-service.c:add_record_to_server() Adding record with handle 0x10010 May 20 10:25:08 nilanjan-mitra bluetoothd[915]: src/sdpd-service.c:add_record_to_server() Record pattern UUID 00000003-0000-1000-8000-00805f9 May 20 10:25:08 nilanjan-mitra bluetoothd[915]: src/sdpd-service.c:add_record_to_server() Record pattern UUID 00000008-0000-1000-8000-00805f9 May 20 10:25:08 nilanjan-mitra bluetoothd[915]: src/sdpd-service.c:add_record_to_server() Record pattern UUID 00000100-0000-1000-8000-00805f9 May 20 10:25:08 nilanjan-mitra bluetoothd[915]: src/sdpd-service.c:add_record_to_server() Record pattern UUID 00001002-0000-1000-8000-00805f9 May 20 10:25:08 nilanjan-mitra bluetoothd[915]: src/sdpd-service.c:add_record_to_server() Record pattern UUID 00005005-0000-1000-8000-0002ee0 May 20 10:25:08 nilanjan-mitra bluetoothd[915]: src/adapter.c:adapter_service_insert() /org/bluez/hci0 May 20 10:25:08 nilanjan-mitra bluetoothd[915]: src/adapter.c:add_uuid() sending add uuid command for index 0
These are the dmesg logs: $ dmesg | grep Bluetooth [ 6.558671] Bluetooth: Core ver 2.22 [ 6.558691] Bluetooth: HCI device and connection manager initialized [ 6.558694] Bluetooth: HCI socket layer initialized [ 6.558696] Bluetooth: L2CAP socket layer initialized [ 6.558699] Bluetooth: SCO socket layer initialized [ 6.704062] Bluetooth: hci0: Firmware revision 0.1 build 6 week 12 2021 [ 7.781114] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3 [ 7.781117] Bluetooth: BNEP filters: protocol multicast [ 7.781121] Bluetooth: BNEP socket layer initialized [ 285.103971] Bluetooth: RFCOMM TTY layer initialized [ 285.103979] Bluetooth: RFCOMM socket layer initialized [ 285.103985] Bluetooth: RFCOMM ver 1.11
Also, this is the output of bluetoothd: $ bluetoothd D-Bus setup failed: Connection ":1.126" is not allowed to own the service "org.bluez" due to security policies in the configuration file
When I run systemctl restart bluetooth, bluetooth is switched on but when I turn it off from the Settings panel, I have to restart the service again for bluetooth to turn back on. The BlueZ version is 5.55. I also rebooted into the recovery partition and performed a clean install, everything was working perfectly up until I ran upgraded the packages with apt update && apt upgrade. Any ideas on how to fix this, or why this is happening? I tried searching for Connection ":1.126" is not allowed to own the service "org.bluez" due to security policies error but couldn't find anything.  |
| Where is the Linux (beta) option on my Acer Chromebook 15? Posted: 23 May 2021 08:52 AM PDT I have searched every single video and photo on google, and couldn't find an answer. Usually the Linux (Beta) option would be in the settings.. Like in this photo: 
and sometimes it would be under a developers tab.. Like in this photo: 
But for me, there was no Linux(Beta) option, and no developers tab.. So my question is, is there another tab/option that I need to click on to find the Linux (Beta) option? Is it hiding in some section that I don't know about?  |
| Blocking internet of an DHCP assigned static IP, but allowing internal LAN network to get to device Posted: 23 May 2021 05:56 AM PDT I have a Rasberry Pi that DHCP assigns a static IP address (Based on it's MAC address) at 192.168.2.12 with the Local gateway at 192.168.2.1, I want to block internet traffic to it and from it, but I do want local LAN network traffic access to the Rasberry Pi (only internally) . How can I do this in iptables and the AdvanceTomato router script? (If this is the best / easiest way). 
I tried the commands below: ######## block all internet to ip address but give access to LAN iptables -I FORWARD -s 192.168.2.12 -j REJECT ####### Restarts the firewall to update iptables without reboot of router service firewall restart
But it seems to leak out to the internet $ ping att.com PING att.com (144.160.36.42) 56(84) bytes of data. From unknown (192.168.2.1) icmp_seq=1 Destination Port Unreachable From unknown (192.168.2.1) icmp_seq=2 Destination Port Unreachable From unknown (192.168.2.1) icmp_seq=3 Destination Port Unreachable From unknown (192.168.2.1) icmp_seq=4 Destination Port Unreachable 64 bytes from att.com (144.160.36.42): icmp_seq=5 ttl=241 time=87.5 ms From unknown (192.168.2.1) icmp_seq=6 Destination Port Unreachable 64 bytes from att.com (144.160.36.42): icmp_seq=7 ttl=241 time=64.8 ms From unknown (192.168.2.1) icmp_seq=8 Destination Port Unreachable 64 bytes from att.com (144.160.36.42): icmp_seq=9 ttl=241 time=93.3 ms
Am I using the correct commands / syntax to block the internet of a DHCP assigned static IP, but allow internal LAN network to get to the device?  |
| Deepin 20 - HDMI not working Posted: 23 May 2021 06:34 AM PDT I installed Deepin 20 (Community) and HDMI port not working. I've already check ISO MD5 and everything is ok. Also, i tried to install in these following OS and the results are: - Deepin 15.10: HDMI Not working, NVIDIA not detected
- Deepin 15.11: HDMI Not working, NVIDIA not detected
- Deepin 20 beta: HDMI not working, NVIDIA detected
- Elementary OS: HDMI works, NVIDIA detected
- Ubuntu >=15: HDMI works and NVIDIA detected
My PC setup: - Laptop Lenovo ideapad L340 Gamer
- NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 3GB
xrandr $ xrandr --listmonitors Monitors: 1 0: +*eDP-1 1920/344x1080/194+0+0 eDP-1
$ xrandr --verbose Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1920 x 1080, maximum 16384 x 16384 eDP-1 connected primary 1920x1080+0+0 (0x44) normal (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 344mm x 194mm Identifier: 0x42 Timestamp: 287232 Subpixel: unknown Gamma: 1.0:1.0:1.0 Brightness: 1.0 Clones: CRTC: 0 CRTCs: 0 1 2 Transform: 1.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000 filter: EDID: 00ffffffffffff0009e5000700000000 011a0104a522137802c9a0955d599429 24505400000001010101010101010101 0101010101019c3b803671383c403020 360058c21000001a0000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000fe0042 4f452043510a202020202020000000fe 004e5631353646484d2d4e34380a007c scaling mode: Full aspect supported: Full, Center, Full aspect max bpc: 12 range: (6, 12) Broadcast RGB: Automatic supported: Automatic, Full, Limited 16:235 link-status: Good supported: Good, Bad CONNECTOR_ID: 86 supported: 86 non-desktop: 0 range: (0, 1) 1920x1080 (0x44) 152.600MHz +HSync -VSync *current +preferred h: width 1920 start 1968 end 2000 total 2230 skew 0 clock 68.43KHz v: height 1080 start 1083 end 1089 total 1140 clock 60.03Hz 1920x1080 (0x45) 356.375MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 1920 start 2080 end 2288 total 2656 skew 0 clock 134.18KHz v: height 1080 start 1081 end 1084 total 1118 clock 60.01Hz 1920x1080 (0x46) 266.500MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 1920 start 1944 end 1960 total 2000 skew 0 clock 133.25KHz v: height 1080 start 1081 end 1084 total 1111 clock 59.97Hz 1920x1080 (0x47) 173.000MHz -HSync +VSync h: width 1920 start 2048 end 2248 total 2576 skew 0 clock 67.16KHz v: height 1080 start 1083 end 1088 total 1120 clock 59.96Hz 1920x1080 (0x48) 138.500MHz +HSync -VSync h: width 1920 start 1968 end 2000 total 2080 skew 0 clock 66.59KHz v: height 1080 start 1083 end 1088 total 1111 clock 59.93Hz 1680x1050 (0x49) 146.250MHz -HSync +VSync h: width 1680 start 1784 end 1960 total 2240 skew 0 clock 65.29KHz v: height 1050 start 1053 end 1059 total 1089 clock 59.95Hz 1680x1050 (0x4a) 119.000MHz +HSync -VSync h: width 1680 start 1728 end 1760 total 1840 skew 0 clock 64.67KHz v: height 1050 start 1053 end 1059 total 1080 clock 59.88Hz 1600x1024 (0x4b) 103.125MHz +HSync +VSync h: width 1600 start 1600 end 1656 total 1664 skew 0 clock 61.97KHz v: height 1024 start 1024 end 1029 total 1030 clock 60.17Hz 1400x1050 (0x4c) 122.000MHz +HSync +VSync h: width 1400 start 1488 end 1640 total 1880 skew 0 clock 64.89KHz v: height 1050 start 1052 end 1064 total 1082 clock 59.98Hz 1600x900 (0x4d) 246.000MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 1600 start 1728 end 1900 total 2200 skew 0 clock 111.82KHz v: height 900 start 901 end 904 total 932 clock 59.99Hz 1600x900 (0x4e) 186.500MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 1600 start 1624 end 1640 total 1680 skew 0 clock 111.01KHz v: height 900 start 901 end 904 total 926 clock 59.94Hz 1600x900 (0x4f) 118.250MHz -HSync +VSync h: width 1600 start 1696 end 1856 total 2112 skew 0 clock 55.99KHz v: height 900 start 903 end 908 total 934 clock 59.95Hz 1600x900 (0x50) 97.500MHz +HSync -VSync h: width 1600 start 1648 end 1680 total 1760 skew 0 clock 55.40KHz v: height 900 start 903 end 908 total 926 clock 59.82Hz 1280x1024 (0x51) 108.000MHz +HSync +VSync h: width 1280 start 1328 end 1440 total 1688 skew 0 clock 63.98KHz v: height 1024 start 1025 end 1028 total 1066 clock 60.02Hz 1440x900 (0x52) 106.500MHz -HSync +VSync h: width 1440 start 1520 end 1672 total 1904 skew 0 clock 55.93KHz v: height 900 start 903 end 909 total 934 clock 59.89Hz 1400x900 (0x53) 103.500MHz -HSync +VSync h: width 1400 start 1480 end 1624 total 1848 skew 0 clock 56.01KHz v: height 900 start 903 end 913 total 934 clock 59.96Hz 1400x900 (0x54) 86.500MHz +HSync -VSync h: width 1400 start 1448 end 1480 total 1560 skew 0 clock 55.45KHz v: height 900 start 903 end 913 total 926 clock 59.88Hz 1280x960 (0x55) 108.000MHz +HSync +VSync h: width 1280 start 1376 end 1488 total 1800 skew 0 clock 60.00KHz v: height 960 start 961 end 964 total 1000 clock 60.00Hz 1440x810 (0x56) 198.125MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 1440 start 1548 end 1704 total 1968 skew 0 clock 100.67KHz v: height 810 start 811 end 814 total 839 clock 60.00Hz 1440x810 (0x57) 151.875MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 1440 start 1464 end 1480 total 1520 skew 0 clock 99.92KHz v: height 810 start 811 end 814 total 833 clock 59.97Hz 1368x768 (0x58) 85.250MHz -HSync +VSync h: width 1368 start 1440 end 1576 total 1784 skew 0 clock 47.79KHz v: height 768 start 771 end 781 total 798 clock 59.88Hz 1368x768 (0x59) 72.250MHz +HSync -VSync h: width 1368 start 1416 end 1448 total 1528 skew 0 clock 47.28KHz v: height 768 start 771 end 781 total 790 clock 59.85Hz 1360x768 (0x5a) 84.750MHz -HSync +VSync h: width 1360 start 1432 end 1568 total 1776 skew 0 clock 47.72KHz v: height 768 start 771 end 781 total 798 clock 59.80Hz 1360x768 (0x5b) 72.000MHz +HSync -VSync h: width 1360 start 1408 end 1440 total 1520 skew 0 clock 47.37KHz v: height 768 start 771 end 781 total 790 clock 59.96Hz 1280x800 (0x5c) 174.250MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 1280 start 1380 end 1516 total 1752 skew 0 clock 99.46KHz v: height 800 start 801 end 804 total 829 clock 59.99Hz 1280x800 (0x5d) 134.250MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 1280 start 1304 end 1320 total 1360 skew 0 clock 98.71KHz v: height 800 start 801 end 804 total 823 clock 59.97Hz 1280x800 (0x5e) 83.500MHz -HSync +VSync h: width 1280 start 1352 end 1480 total 1680 skew 0 clock 49.70KHz v: height 800 start 803 end 809 total 831 clock 59.81Hz 1280x800 (0x5f) 71.000MHz +HSync -VSync h: width 1280 start 1328 end 1360 total 1440 skew 0 clock 49.31KHz v: height 800 start 803 end 809 total 823 clock 59.91Hz 1152x864 (0x60) 81.620MHz -HSync +VSync h: width 1152 start 1216 end 1336 total 1520 skew 0 clock 53.70KHz v: height 864 start 865 end 868 total 895 clock 60.00Hz 1280x720 (0x61) 156.125MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 1280 start 1376 end 1512 total 1744 skew 0 clock 89.52KHz v: height 720 start 721 end 724 total 746 clock 60.00Hz 1280x720 (0x62) 120.750MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 1280 start 1304 end 1320 total 1360 skew 0 clock 88.79KHz v: height 720 start 721 end 724 total 740 clock 59.99Hz 1280x720 (0x63) 74.500MHz -HSync +VSync h: width 1280 start 1344 end 1472 total 1664 skew 0 clock 44.77KHz v: height 720 start 723 end 728 total 748 clock 59.86Hz 1280x720 (0x64) 63.750MHz +HSync -VSync h: width 1280 start 1328 end 1360 total 1440 skew 0 clock 44.27KHz v: height 720 start 723 end 728 total 741 clock 59.74Hz 1024x768 (0x65) 133.475MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 1024 start 1100 end 1212 total 1400 skew 0 clock 95.34KHz v: height 768 start 768 end 770 total 794 clock 60.04Hz 1024x768 (0x66) 65.000MHz -HSync -VSync h: width 1024 start 1048 end 1184 total 1344 skew 0 clock 48.36KHz v: height 768 start 771 end 777 total 806 clock 60.00Hz 960x720 (0x67) 117.000MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 960 start 1024 end 1128 total 1300 skew 0 clock 90.00KHz v: height 720 start 720 end 722 total 750 clock 60.00Hz 928x696 (0x68) 109.150MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 928 start 976 end 1088 total 1264 skew 0 clock 86.35KHz v: height 696 start 696 end 698 total 719 clock 60.05Hz 896x672 (0x69) 102.400MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 896 start 960 end 1060 total 1224 skew 0 clock 83.66KHz v: height 672 start 672 end 674 total 697 clock 60.01Hz 1024x576 (0x6a) 98.500MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 1024 start 1092 end 1200 total 1376 skew 0 clock 71.58KHz v: height 576 start 577 end 580 total 597 clock 59.95Hz 1024x576 (0x6b) 78.375MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 1024 start 1048 end 1064 total 1104 skew 0 clock 70.99KHz v: height 576 start 577 end 580 total 592 clock 59.96Hz 1024x576 (0x6c) 46.500MHz -HSync +VSync h: width 1024 start 1064 end 1160 total 1296 skew 0 clock 35.88KHz v: height 576 start 579 end 584 total 599 clock 59.90Hz 1024x576 (0x6d) 42.000MHz +HSync -VSync h: width 1024 start 1072 end 1104 total 1184 skew 0 clock 35.47KHz v: height 576 start 579 end 584 total 593 clock 59.82Hz 960x600 (0x6e) 96.625MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 960 start 1028 end 1128 total 1296 skew 0 clock 74.56KHz v: height 600 start 601 end 604 total 622 clock 59.93Hz 960x600 (0x6f) 77.000MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 960 start 984 end 1000 total 1040 skew 0 clock 74.04KHz v: height 600 start 601 end 604 total 617 clock 60.00Hz 960x540 (0x70) 86.500MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 960 start 1024 end 1124 total 1288 skew 0 clock 67.16KHz v: height 540 start 541 end 544 total 560 clock 59.96Hz 960x540 (0x71) 69.250MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 960 start 984 end 1000 total 1040 skew 0 clock 66.59KHz v: height 540 start 541 end 544 total 555 clock 59.99Hz 960x540 (0x72) 40.750MHz -HSync +VSync h: width 960 start 992 end 1088 total 1216 skew 0 clock 33.51KHz v: height 540 start 543 end 548 total 562 clock 59.63Hz 960x540 (0x73) 37.250MHz +HSync -VSync h: width 960 start 1008 end 1040 total 1120 skew 0 clock 33.26KHz v: height 540 start 543 end 548 total 556 clock 59.82Hz 800x600 (0x74) 81.000MHz +HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 800 start 832 end 928 total 1080 skew 0 clock 75.00KHz v: height 600 start 600 end 602 total 625 clock 60.00Hz 800x600 (0x75) 40.000MHz +HSync +VSync h: width 800 start 840 end 968 total 1056 skew 0 clock 37.88KHz v: height 600 start 601 end 605 total 628 clock 60.32Hz 800x600 (0x76) 36.000MHz +HSync +VSync h: width 800 start 824 end 896 total 1024 skew 0 clock 35.16KHz v: height 600 start 601 end 603 total 625 clock 56.25Hz 840x525 (0x77) 73.125MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 840 start 892 end 980 total 1120 skew 0 clock 65.29KHz v: height 525 start 526 end 529 total 544 clock 60.01Hz 840x525 (0x78) 59.500MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 840 start 864 end 880 total 920 skew 0 clock 64.67KHz v: height 525 start 526 end 529 total 540 clock 59.88Hz 864x486 (0x79) 32.500MHz -HSync +VSync h: width 864 start 888 end 968 total 1072 skew 0 clock 30.32KHz v: height 486 start 489 end 494 total 506 clock 59.92Hz 864x486 (0x7a) 30.500MHz +HSync -VSync h: width 864 start 912 end 944 total 1024 skew 0 clock 29.79KHz v: height 486 start 489 end 494 total 500 clock 59.57Hz 800x512 (0x7b) 51.562MHz +HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 800 start 800 end 828 total 832 skew 0 clock 61.97KHz v: height 512 start 512 end 514 total 515 clock 60.17Hz 700x525 (0x7c) 61.000MHz +HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 700 start 744 end 820 total 940 skew 0 clock 64.89KHz v: height 525 start 526 end 532 total 541 clock 59.98Hz 800x450 (0x7d) 59.125MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 800 start 848 end 928 total 1056 skew 0 clock 55.99KHz v: height 450 start 451 end 454 total 467 clock 59.95Hz 800x450 (0x7e) 48.750MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 800 start 824 end 840 total 880 skew 0 clock 55.40KHz v: height 450 start 451 end 454 total 463 clock 59.82Hz 640x512 (0x7f) 54.000MHz +HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 640 start 664 end 720 total 844 skew 0 clock 63.98KHz v: height 512 start 512 end 514 total 533 clock 60.02Hz 720x450 (0x80) 53.250MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 720 start 760 end 836 total 952 skew 0 clock 55.93KHz v: height 450 start 451 end 454 total 467 clock 59.89Hz 700x450 (0x81) 51.750MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 700 start 740 end 812 total 924 skew 0 clock 56.01KHz v: height 450 start 451 end 456 total 467 clock 59.96Hz 700x450 (0x82) 43.250MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 700 start 724 end 740 total 780 skew 0 clock 55.45KHz v: height 450 start 451 end 456 total 463 clock 59.88Hz 640x480 (0x83) 54.000MHz +HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 640 start 688 end 744 total 900 skew 0 clock 60.00KHz v: height 480 start 480 end 482 total 500 clock 60.00Hz 640x480 (0x84) 25.175MHz -HSync -VSync h: width 640 start 656 end 752 total 800 skew 0 clock 31.47KHz v: height 480 start 490 end 492 total 525 clock 59.94Hz 720x405 (0x85) 22.500MHz -HSync +VSync h: width 720 start 744 end 808 total 896 skew 0 clock 25.11KHz v: height 405 start 408 end 413 total 422 clock 59.51Hz 720x405 (0x86) 21.750MHz +HSync -VSync h: width 720 start 768 end 800 total 880 skew 0 clock 24.72KHz v: height 405 start 408 end 413 total 419 clock 58.99Hz 684x384 (0x87) 42.625MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 684 start 720 end 788 total 892 skew 0 clock 47.79KHz v: height 384 start 385 end 390 total 399 clock 59.88Hz 684x384 (0x88) 36.125MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 684 start 708 end 724 total 764 skew 0 clock 47.28KHz v: height 384 start 385 end 390 total 395 clock 59.85Hz 680x384 (0x89) 42.375MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 680 start 716 end 784 total 888 skew 0 clock 47.72KHz v: height 384 start 385 end 390 total 399 clock 59.80Hz 680x384 (0x8a) 36.000MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 680 start 704 end 720 total 760 skew 0 clock 47.37KHz v: height 384 start 385 end 390 total 395 clock 59.96Hz 640x400 (0x8b) 41.750MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 640 start 676 end 740 total 840 skew 0 clock 49.70KHz v: height 400 start 401 end 404 total 415 clock 59.88Hz 640x400 (0x8c) 35.500MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 640 start 664 end 680 total 720 skew 0 clock 49.31KHz v: height 400 start 401 end 404 total 411 clock 59.98Hz 576x432 (0x8d) 40.810MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 576 start 608 end 668 total 760 skew 0 clock 53.70KHz v: height 432 start 432 end 434 total 447 clock 60.06Hz 640x360 (0x8e) 37.250MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 640 start 672 end 736 total 832 skew 0 clock 44.77KHz v: height 360 start 361 end 364 total 374 clock 59.86Hz 640x360 (0x8f) 31.875MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 640 start 664 end 680 total 720 skew 0 clock 44.27KHz v: height 360 start 361 end 364 total 370 clock 59.83Hz 640x360 (0x90) 18.000MHz -HSync +VSync h: width 640 start 664 end 720 total 800 skew 0 clock 22.50KHz v: height 360 start 363 end 368 total 376 clock 59.84Hz 640x360 (0x91) 17.750MHz +HSync -VSync h: width 640 start 688 end 720 total 800 skew 0 clock 22.19KHz v: height 360 start 363 end 368 total 374 clock 59.32Hz 512x384 (0x92) 32.500MHz -HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 512 start 524 end 592 total 672 skew 0 clock 48.36KHz v: height 384 start 385 end 388 total 403 clock 60.00Hz 512x288 (0x93) 23.250MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 512 start 532 end 580 total 648 skew 0 clock 35.88KHz v: height 288 start 289 end 292 total 299 clock 60.00Hz 512x288 (0x94) 21.000MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 512 start 536 end 552 total 592 skew 0 clock 35.47KHz v: height 288 start 289 end 292 total 296 clock 59.92Hz 480x270 (0x95) 20.375MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 480 start 496 end 544 total 608 skew 0 clock 33.51KHz v: height 270 start 271 end 274 total 281 clock 59.63Hz 480x270 (0x96) 18.625MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 480 start 504 end 520 total 560 skew 0 clock 33.26KHz v: height 270 start 271 end 274 total 278 clock 59.82Hz 400x300 (0x97) 20.000MHz +HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 400 start 420 end 484 total 528 skew 0 clock 37.88KHz v: height 300 start 300 end 302 total 314 clock 60.32Hz 400x300 (0x98) 18.000MHz +HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 400 start 412 end 448 total 512 skew 0 clock 35.16KHz v: height 300 start 300 end 301 total 312 clock 56.34Hz 432x243 (0x99) 16.250MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 432 start 444 end 484 total 536 skew 0 clock 30.32KHz v: height 243 start 244 end 247 total 253 clock 59.92Hz 432x243 (0x9a) 15.250MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 432 start 456 end 472 total 512 skew 0 clock 29.79KHz v: height 243 start 244 end 247 total 250 clock 59.57Hz 320x240 (0x9b) 12.587MHz -HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 320 start 328 end 376 total 400 skew 0 clock 31.47KHz v: height 240 start 245 end 246 total 262 clock 60.05Hz 360x202 (0x9c) 11.250MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 360 start 372 end 404 total 448 skew 0 clock 25.11KHz v: height 202 start 204 end 206 total 211 clock 59.51Hz 360x202 (0x9d) 10.875MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 360 start 384 end 400 total 440 skew 0 clock 24.72KHz v: height 202 start 204 end 206 total 209 clock 59.13Hz 320x180 (0x9e) 9.000MHz -HSync +VSync DoubleScan h: width 320 start 332 end 360 total 400 skew 0 clock 22.50KHz v: height 180 start 181 end 184 total 188 clock 59.84Hz 320x180 (0x9f) 8.875MHz +HSync -VSync DoubleScan h: width 320 start 344 end 360 total 400 skew 0 clock 22.19KHz v: height 180 start 181 end 184 total 187 clock 59.32Hz
Deepin Device Manager NVIDIA Controller 
Intel Controller 
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| Linux mint: Installing Recommended Nvidia Drivers results black screen Posted: 23 May 2021 09:01 AM PDT I've installed the latest Linux Mint 19.2 on my system, but I'm facing a problem when trying to install Nvidia drivers. All i did was to open the Device Manager and select the recommended ndivia-340 driver and i got a black screen after reboot. To solve the issue I had to purge the driver and get back to nouneau. 
sudo apt purge nvidia*
My notebook has a GeForce GT 720M Nvidia GPU. Any ideas on how to successfully install the Nvidia drivers?  |
| Bind CapsLock+hjkl to arrow keys Posted: 23 May 2021 10:03 AM PDT I want to bind Caps Lock + H / J / K / L to arrow keys. I found two ways that each have some issues: Solution 1 Using xkb: Edit /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/us first block. # replace Caps with AltGr key <CAPS> { [ ISO_Level3_Shift ] }; # Add vim cursor keys to be accessed with AltGr key <AB02> { [ x, X, Delete, Delete ] }; key <AC02> { [ s, S, KP_Enter, KP_Enter ] }; key <AC03> { [ d, D, Next, Next ] }; key <AC04> { [ f, F, BackSpace, BackSpace ] }; key <AC06> { [ h, H , Left, Left ] }; key <AC07> { [ j, J, Down, Down ] }; key <AC08> { [ k, K, Up, Up ] }; key <AC09> { [ l, L, Right, Right ] }; key <AD07> { [ u, U, Prior, Prior ] }; key <AE03> { [ 3, section, Home, Home ] }; key <AE04> { [ 4, dollar, End, End ] };
but this answer doesn't work in Java programs (e.g., IntelliJ), so I should use solution 2. Solution 2 Using xmodmap: Create ~/.xmodmap file with following content: keycode 66 = Mode_switch keysym h = h H Left keysym l = l L Right keysym k = k K Up keysym j = j J Down keysym u = u U Prior keysym i = i I Home keysym o = o O End keysym p = p P Next
and then run xmodmap ~/.xmodmap command. Problem: This solution breaks other layouts. It works in English, but when I switch other layout, e.g., to Russian, I cannot type letters on these keys and Caps + H / J / K / L also don't work until I switch back to English. How can I solve this problem?  |
| how linux cannot see more than half my ram ? (64bits) Posted: 23 May 2021 07:00 AM PDT I've had 8Gb out of 4*4Gb sticks. I've installed some new memory sticks to upgrade to the host to 4*8Gb. However I still have only 16Gb available (out of physical 32GB installed). Whatever the setup is, Linux appears to only see half the installed ram. There is no hardware issues (the memory has been tested on two other machines) bios = 32Gb detected Linux just sees 16GB ram dmidecode sees all of my 4 sticks # dmidecode -t 17 # dmidecode 3.1 Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs. SMBIOS 2.7 present. Handle 0x000E, DMI type 17, 34 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x000D Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 64 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: 8192 MB Form Factor: SODIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM0 Bank Locator: BANK 0 Type: DDR3 Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: 1600 MT/s Manufacturer: Unknown Serial Number: E09028A6 Asset Tag: Unknown Part Number: CT102464BF160B.C16 Rank: 2 Configured Clock Speed: 1600 MT/s Handle 0x000F, DMI type 17, 34 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x000D Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 64 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: 8192 MB Form Factor: SODIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM1 Bank Locator: BANK 1 Type: DDR3 Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: 1600 MT/s Manufacturer: Unknown Serial Number: E0902887 Asset Tag: Unknown Part Number: CT102464BF160B.C16 Rank: 2 Configured Clock Speed: 1600 MT/s Handle 0x0010, DMI type 17, 34 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x000D Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 64 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: 8192 MB Form Factor: SODIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM1 Bank Locator: BANK 2 Type: DDR3 Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: 1600 MT/s Manufacturer: Unknown Serial Number: E09027D2 Asset Tag: Unknown Part Number: CT102464BF160B.C16 Rank: 2 Configured Clock Speed: 1600 MT/s Handle 0x0011, DMI type 17, 34 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x000D Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 64 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: 8192 MB Form Factor: SODIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM3 Bank Locator: BANK 3 Type: DDR3 Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: 1600 MT/s Manufacturer: Unknown Serial Number: E0902882 Asset Tag: Unknown Part Number: CT102464BF160B.C16 Rank: 2 Configured Clock Speed: 1600 MT/s
Any idea why, as well as any suggestions on how to activate all of it? (currently runs Fedora26/64bits also tested on Debian/64bits) meminfo : bash-4.4$ cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 16307964 kB MemFree: 2589188 kB MemAvailable: 9856496 kB Buffers: 428964 kB Cached: 4553096 kB SwapCached: 132 kB Active: 7578520 kB Inactive: 4187932 kB Active(anon): 3926432 kB Inactive(anon): 745528 kB Active(file): 3652088 kB Inactive(file): 3442404 kB Unevictable: 24328 kB Mlocked: 24328 kB SwapTotal: 15569916 kB SwapFree: 15528188 kB Dirty: 3060 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 6806540 kB Mapped: 1573064 kB Shmem: 363464 kB Slab: 645716 kB SReclaimable: 513068 kB SUnreclaim: 132648 kB KernelStack: 11552 kB PageTables: 55452 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 23723896 kB Committed_AS: 12692532 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 0 kB VmallocChunk: 0 kB HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB AnonHugePages: 0 kB ShmemHugePages: 0 kB ShmemPmdMapped: 0 kB CmaTotal: 0 kB CmaFree: 0 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB DirectMap4k: 832256 kB DirectMap2M: 15822848 kB DirectMap1G: 1048576 kB
free -m results on coherence with /proc/meminfo but dmidecode still confirm there are 4 distincts 8Gb ram sticks
total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 15920 4074 5169 204 6675 12038
BIOS is so limited I can just manage boot order. There are no options about memory or anything else. On the BIOS side it confirms 32Gb are present Machine model : Aspire V3-772G The last bios is loaded : V1.15 That's all I can give useful information dmesg analysis did not permit to get anything useful . Only a warning in loop about kvm/virsh setup : block like this one in loop no other informations at all [12341.196455] set_target_expiration: 30 callbacks suppressed [12341.196459] kvm: vcpu 0: requested 100012 ns lapic timer period limited to 500000 ns [12341.306246] kvm: vcpu 0: requested 292092 ns lapic timer period limited to 500000 ns [12341.704421] kvm: vcpu 0: requested 473064 ns lapic timer period limited to 500000 ns [12341.914420] kvm: vcpu 0: requested 468345 ns lapic timer period limited to 500000 ns [12341.924470] kvm: vcpu 0: requested 405938 ns lapic timer period limited to 500000 ns [12341.996356] kvm: vcpu 0: requested 100012 ns lapic timer period limited to 500000 ns [12342.096905] kvm: vcpu 0: requested 106350 ns lapic timer period limited to 500000 ns [12342.135880] kvm: vcpu 0: requested 424319 ns lapic timer period limited to 500000 ns [12342.406376] kvm: vcpu 0: requested 113630 ns lapic timer period limited to 500000 ns [12342.474998] kvm: vcpu 0: requested 271348 ns lapic timer period limited to 500000 ns
my distrib & kernel : [root@h2g2w ~]# cat /etc/*release* Fedora release 26 (Twenty Six) NAME=Fedora VERSION="26 (Server Edition)" ID=fedora VERSION_ID=26 PRETTY_NAME="Fedora 26 (Server Edition)" ANSI_COLOR="0;34" CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:26" HOME_URL="https://fedoraproject.org/" BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/" REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT="Fedora" REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT_VERSION=26 REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="Fedora" REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION=26 PRIVACY_POLICY_URL=https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal:PrivacyPolicy VARIANT="Server Edition" VARIANT_ID=server Fedora release 26 (Twenty Six) ROS fuerte (Fuerte Turtle) Fedora release 26 (Twenty Six) cpe:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:26 [root@h2g2w ~]# uname -a Linux h2g2w.local 4.14.11-200.fc26.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Jan 3 13:58:53 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [root@h2g2w ~]#
but this is useless as I said in commentaries exchanges I tried other distributions even BSD constructor specs : Overview Specifications Acer Aspire V3-772G-9829 - 17.3" - Core i7 4702MQ - 8 GB RAM - 1 TB HDD Part Number: NX.M74AA.002 General Packaged Quantity 1 Notebook type Gaming, HD display, Desktop replacement Manufacturer Acer Processor / Chipset CPU Intel Core i7 (4th Gen) 4702MQ / 2.2 GHz Max Turbo Speed 3.2 GHz Number of Cores Quad-Core Cache L3 - 6 MB 64-bit Computing Yes Chipset Type Mobile Intel HM86 Express Features Hyper-Threading Technology, Intel Smart Cache, Intel Turbo Boost Technology 2.0 Cache Memory Type L3 cache Installed Size 6 MB Memory Max Supported Size 32 GB Technology DDR3L SDRAM Speed 1600 MHz / PC3-12800 - 1600 MHz Form Factor SO-DIMM 204-pin Slots Qty 4 Storage Interface Serial ATA-300 Optical Drive DVD±RW (±R DL) / DVD-RAM fixed
So why Linux (or any other OSes like BSD and so on) detects/activate only 16GB? How can I use the full ram?  |
| how to use bluetooth device with HSP/HFP profile using pulseaudio >=6 and bluez >= 5.24 Posted: 23 May 2021 07:48 AM PDT I'd like to receive/record audio from bluetooth device on my linux box. The one I have works properly as a headset (microphone works properly in particular) i.e. on macOS yet I cannot get it working with linux - raspbian jessy in particular - yet from what I can see it affects other distros as well. - the device is paired and connected properly using
bluetoothctl - A2DP profile works correctly
pactl ls reports among others headset_head_unit: Headset Head Unit (HSP/HFP) (priority 20, available: no)- while trying to switch to
headset_head_unit pulseaudio reports [pulseaudio] module-bluez5-device.c: Refused to switch profile to headset_head_unit: Not connected I've found and tried various suggestions as for upgrading bluez, pulseaudio, use ofono etc. yet without any success. Most common comments are that HSP/HFP support has been dropped in recent bluez and the ofono should be used (yet I'm not sure how ofono is supposed to help here as AFAIK it is related when BT susystem is being used as a client i.e. connected to mobile phone). I can see a number of unresolved bugs i.e. for freedesktop here and here, redhat, ubuntu and debian and also similar questions asked on stackexchange. While there are some successes reported, I was not able to move forward trying i.e. - use
pulseaudio config load-module module-bluetooth-discover headset=ofono (and auto, native variants as well), versions 7, 8, 10 bluez 5.24, 5.42, 5.43 (was not able to found other versions for debian as i.e. there is some success reported with bluez 5.35)- re-pairing and reconnecting the headset device with
bluetoothctl Also there is some confusion in the reports as probably some people are mixing using linux bluetooth stack as client/server - at least this is my understanding of using ofono. While there are also some problem reports regarding bluetooth on RPI 3 in particular, I would like to find first any sign if the HFP/HSP is ever possible with current bluez/pulseaudio. Having any success report with clear steps i.e. on debian (and even better on raspbian) would help me a lot. Even any successful setup on any other distro may help me to build the same on my box. Looks like the problem affects pulseaudio/bluez stack for more then a year and it is hard to believe people cannot use their BT headsets i.e. for VOiP calls for so long... Not sure if I've provided all the important details from my investigation so in case of comments I can update this question. Also wonder if there is some bug report with some active development and chances for solution. UPDATE: Most probably after removing ofono I've finally managed to be able to switch the connection to headset_head_unit yet while trying to record or play sound the device shows some activity (i.e. pulsating builtin led) but no data is being received/send (i.e. parec creates empty wav of size 44b which is just wav header). I've tested same device using a2dp_sink profile and can play sound without any problem. I wonder how it can be debugged.  |
| How to copy and paste with a mouse with tmux Posted: 23 May 2021 07:19 AM PDT I'm using tmux and OSX. When copying and pasting from the terminal with tmux I'm able to hold down Option and select text. However I can't get the text to stay inside the pane. So when I want to copy text I either need to cycle the pane to the far left, or zoom the pane, as shown below. This in addition to having to hold down the Option key is a pain. I know I can enter visual mode and use vim movements to get there, but I'd rather have a way to use my mouse. Has anyone found a workaround for this?  
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| How to pass arguments to command through Desktop shortcut without having to open a terminal? Posted: 23 May 2021 08:36 AM PDT I'm using a LXDE desktop. I created a shortcut in the desktop to a python program, which can be passed files to, which are then opened in the GUI. I mean passing files (file absolute paths) to the command by drag'n'dropping them over the shortcut on the desktop. In fact this is already working, but only if I set Terminal=true in the Desktop Entry, which obviously makes the terminal be opened. I wanted to know if there's a way to pass the arguments to the command without the need to open the terminal. I'm creating the shortcut like this: [Desktop Entry] Name=TBOPlayer Comment=UI for omxplayer Exec=python /path/to/tboplayer/tboplayer.py "%F" Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/python.xpm Terminal=true Type=Application
Is there a way to do this?  |
| How create a temporary file in shell script? Posted: 23 May 2021 10:00 AM PDT While running a script, I want to create a temporary file in /tmp directory. After execution of that script, that will be cleaned by that script. How to do that in shell script?  |
| Difference between /dev and /sys Posted: 23 May 2021 07:17 AM PDT Exactly what is the difference between devfs and sysfs? Both seem to maintain a list of hardwares attached to the system. Then why the need for 2 separate fs even arose? As far as I can get /sys maintains somewhat "raw" list of devices(like "ser0"). Udev acts on those devices, gets various informations and applies various rules to present them as recognizable names which are then mapped onto /dev(like "camera"). Is this the only reason? And then we mount the corresponding devices from the /dev fs(can't we do that from the /sys fs) into the /media fs. I have read the answer at Difference between /dev and /sys/class?. But I cannot get the sys fs part where it states that Sysfs contain the hierarchy of devices, as they are attached to the computer Are the files in /sys not device node files? Then what type of files are they?  |
| Accounting for /proc/net/dev reported traffic Posted: 23 May 2021 08:03 AM PDT I noticed that according to /proc/net/dev I am constantly receiving around 6Kb/s on my wireless usb interface. But I can't account for anything even close to that with the individual connections that I get with iptraf, iftop, and nethogs. Investigations with netstat, lsof, and tcpdump didn't help either. So, what else could contribute to /proc/net/dev values? I can speculate that, while only IP based traffic is reported by the applications I mentioned, /proc/net/dev probably accounts for other link-layer/internet-layer stuff too (arp? icmp? wireless management stuff?). Or maybe other transport/application protocols. Can anyone confirm this? How else would you proceed to find out: through what sockets are the 6Kb/s coming through? What processes are receiving the traffic?
[EDIT] The 2 consistent results across all the tools: - the totals of Rx are around a few Kb/s
- confirmed with /proc/net/dev, dstat, bmw-ng, cbm, iptraf, ifstat, gnome-system-monitor
- no connection/packet stream justifies that
- confirmed with netstat, tcpdump, iftop, nethogs, iptraf
All of this with a Netgear WDNA 4100 wireless usb adapter using a custom driver from some git (the only way I got it to work). I asked the devs about it here. This might be malware, but I suspect the driver is simply reporting wrong totals. Nevertheless, I cannot explain what's going on for sure.  |
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