Recent Questions - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange

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• Which linux browser + password manager can ask for master password every time
• VirtualBox CentOs installation
• `buildah unshare`: ERRO exec: "buildah-script.sh": executable file not found in $PATH
• Keyboard emulation using configfs usb gadget in boot and OS mode
• Adding options using bash arrays
• Is there a way to view or store file history (like browser history) in linux? [duplicate]
• Remote difference between "ip addr del" and "ip link set down"
• Extract/ get jpg or png file format out of mp4
• ./shell.sh: line 6: [: =~: binary operator expected
• How to list all tagged files in ranger
• How do I convert ubuntu 16.04 / partition from a standard partition to LVM?
• del route on kali linux on wsl2
• why the pid not split to an array in bash
• Create .desktop file that asks for command line options before running script
• I have a file with filename paths in it. Some paths have spaces. How do I pipe each path into grep as an argument?
• Recursively remove extension from all files with specific extension
• How to connect to old Samba-server with new smbclient?
• Only noise with alsa and pulseaudio
• How to add revision control to a Linux OS installation
• systemd-journald[356]: Failed to open system journal: Operation not supported
• Gnome Applications menu doesn't reveal locations of apps
• openSUSE 42.3 does not start up from USB - black screen after loading kernel
• Failed to start the Apache service
• Samba NT_STATUS_NO_TRUST_SAM_ACCOUNT
• make ACL to work perfectly
• How can I test for POSIX compliance of shell scripts?
• Uninstalling default VBoxGuestAdditions on Debian
• bash multi line command with comments after the continuation character
• Execute a command once per line of piped input?
• Do we have an undo in Linux?

Which linux browser + password manager can ask for master password every time Posted: 19 Jul 2021 10:06 AM PDT I want to find a Linux browser that can store passwords ant doesn't cache the master password. That is, I want to be asked for the master password every time a password is to be filled. Thanks

VirtualBox CentOs installation Posted: 19 Jul 2021 09:58 AM PDT After installing CentOS on VirtualBox, I get a very small window: I have tried to install guest addition using the following commands, but the window is not changing: yum install dkms yum groupinstall "Development Tools" yum install kernel-devel What am I missing?

`buildah unshare`: ERRO exec: "buildah-script.sh": executable file not found in $PATH Posted: 19 Jul 2021 10:05 AM PDT The very command buildah unshare buildah-script.sh is in man buildah, but when I run it I'm getting, ❯ buildah unshare buildah-script.sh ERRO exec: "buildah-script.sh": executable file not found in $PATH ERRO (unable to determine exit status) ERRO exit status 1 This is with, buildah version 1.19.6 (image-spec 1.0.1-dev, runtime-spec 1.0.2-dev)

Keyboard emulation using configfs usb gadget in boot and OS mode Posted: 19 Jul 2021 09:15 AM PDT I'm currently working on a keyboard emulation using raspberry py zero, I'm using the configfs code found in this repo https://github.com/c4software/pi-as-keyboard this code have been working properly on windows but during the boot mode the raspberry py isn't working as a keyboard emulation, I've found here https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/documents/hid1_11.pdf some additionnal requirements that should be added to the configfs file to make it work in both conditions (on OS and boot mode) but I didn't find a way to add these functions in the gadget. my current working gadget is as follows : # Initial Setup modprobe libcomposite cd /sys/kernel/config/usb_gadget/ mkdir -p g1 cd g1 # Device description echo 0x1d6b > idVendor # Linux Foundation echo 0x0104 > idProduct # Multifunction Composite Gadget echo 0x0100 > bcdDevice # v1.0.0 echo 0x0200 > bcdUSB # USB2 echo 0xEF > bDeviceClass echo 0x02 > bDeviceSubClass echo 0x01 > bDeviceProtocol mkdir -p strings/0x409 echo "fedcba9876543210" > strings/0x409/serialnumber echo "Valentin Brosseau" > strings/0x409/manufacturer echo "Keyboard-dev" > strings/0x409/product # Define a Keyboard mkdir -p functions/hid.usb0 echo 1 > functions/hid.usb0/protocol echo 1 > functions/hid.usb0/subclass echo 8 > functions/hid.usb0/report_length echo -ne \\x05\\x01\\x09\\x06\\xa1\\x01\\x05\\x07\\x19\\xe0\\x29\\xe7\\x15\\x00\\x25\\x01\\x75\\x01\\x95\\x08\\x81\\x02\\x95\\x01\\x75\\x08\\x81\\x03\\x95\\x05\\x75\\x01\\x05\\x08\\x19\\x01\\x29\\x05\\x91\\x02\\x95\\x01\\x75\\x03\\x91\\x03\\x95\\x06\\x75\\x08\\x15\\x00\\x25\\x65\\x05\\x07\\x19\\x00\\x29\\x65\\x81\\x00\\xc0 > functions/hid.usb0/report_desc mkdir -p configs/c.1 ln -s functions/hid.usb0 configs/c.1/ # OS descriptors echo 1 > os_desc/use echo 0xcd > os_desc/b_vendor_code echo MSFT100 > os_desc/qw_sign ln -s configs/c.1 os_desc mkdir -p configs/c.1/strings/0x409 echo "Config 1: Keyboard" > configs/c.1/strings/0x409/configuration echo 250 > configs/c.1/MaxPower ls /sys/class/udc > UDC

Adding options using bash arrays Posted: 19 Jul 2021 08:32 AM PDT I am using a bash script to call rsync commands. Have decided to collect some options in an array called oser. The idea is to look at what's different in the two invocations and put that into the array, instead of putting all of the common options into the array. Now I would like to add the --backup possibility to rsync and getting confused on how to go about with the implementation oser=() (( filetr_dryrun == 1 )) && oser=(--dry-run) if (( filetr_dryrun == 1 )); then rsync "${oser[@]}" -av --progress --log-file="$logfl" "$source" "$destin" elif (( filetr_exec == 1 )); then rsync "${oser[@]}" -av --progress --log-file="$logfl" "$source" "$destin" else rsync "${oser[@]}" -av --progress --log-file="$logfl" "$source" "$destin" fi

Is there a way to view or store file history (like browser history) in linux? [duplicate] Posted: 19 Jul 2021 09:47 AM PDT I want to know if there is any way to 'view' (or) 'store' file history (similar to browser history). For example if I have 10 files, and I open 2 of them, it should get stored in a file the following 2 details. This should happen whenever I open a file. So when I open that particular history file, I can see all the files that I have opened (not necessarily edited, Just if I have opened). If there is no in-build command for that (I know lsof is for viewing the list of all open files), how to create a custom command for the same purpose.

Remote difference between "ip addr del" and "ip link set down" Posted: 19 Jul 2021 08:15 AM PDT I am working on a system where a remote SBC monitors the health of all linked servers and issues fault reports when certain behaviors are observed. Everything is running RHEL 7. I have an interface on a server "eth1" with the ip "10.0.3.16" and a subnet mask "255.255.255.0". If I run the command: ip addr del 10.0.3.16/24 dev eth1 on the server, the remote SBC does not seem to notice that anything is wrong. However if I do: ip link set eth1 down Then I get the expected result. 10.0.3.16 is the only IP address assigned to the eth1 interface. I would like to understand the difference between the two commands, and why unassigning the IP address produces a different result than taking down the entire interface. Google has failed me so far, I can't seem to find anything relevant.

Extract/ get jpg or png file format out of mp4 Posted: 19 Jul 2021 07:52 AM PDT how do we get jp(e)g or png file format out of mp4 one using some CLI tools ?

./shell.sh: line 6: [: =~: binary operator expected Posted: 19 Jul 2021 08:28 AM PDT I'm trying to execute the following shell script, where I'm trying to keep executing a command in an infinite loop and until the output is not equal to a certain substring checkDeviceStatus=$(adb shell getprop sys.boot_completed 2>&1) function Check_Status () { while [ ! "$checkDeviceStatus" =~ "device offline" ] || [ ! "$checkDeviceStatus" =~ "device still authorizing" ] do if [ ! "$checkDeviceStatus" =~ "device offline" ] || [ ! "$checkDeviceStatus" =~ "device still authorizing" ]; then echo "Device is now up and running!!: '$checkDeviceStatus'" break else echo "'$checkDeviceStatus'" fi; done }; Check_Status but I'm getting the following error ./shell.sh: line 6: [: =~: binary operator expected ./shell.sh: line 8: [: =~: binary operator expected

How to list all tagged files in ranger Posted: 19 Jul 2021 07:40 AM PDT I have a nested directory with tagged files across the subdirectories. Is there any way to list all marked files in this nested hierarchy?

How do I convert ubuntu 16.04 / partition from a standard partition to LVM? Posted: 19 Jul 2021 07:25 AM PDT How do I convert ubuntu 16.04 / partition from a standard partition to LVM ?

del route on kali linux on wsl2 Posted: 19 Jul 2021 08:04 AM PDT I am kind of new to linux, it has only been about 2 month since I started. So I am having trouble with the route commands. My problem is that I don't have the same local IP address on windows that the one I have on wsl. However I managed to add another route, but is not the one by default, so I am trying to ether del 172.20.128.0 or make 192.168.1.0 the default/main one so that others devices can ping me, and other stuff like that. ipconfig (on windows) Carte Ethernet vEthernet (WSL) : Suffixe DNS propre à la connexion. . . : Adresse IPv6 de liaison locale. . . . .: fe80::c181:db91:a200:5517%60 Adresse IPv4. . . . . . . . . . . . . .: 172.20.128.1 Masque de sous-réseau. . . . . . . . . : 255.255.240.0 Passerelle par défaut. . . . . . . . . : Carte réseau sans fil Wi-Fi : Suffixe DNS propre à la connexion. . . : home Adresse IPv6 de liaison locale. . . . .: fe80::2143:d5bf:e724:d291%5 Adresse IPv4. . . . . . . . . . . . . .: 192.168.1.33 Masque de sous-réseau. . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Passerelle par défaut. . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.1 route (kali-linux on wsl) Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface default lelievre-pc.msh 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 172.20.128.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.240.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 ifconfig (kali-linux on wsl) eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 172.20.134.143 netmask 255.255.240.0 broadcast 172.20.143.255 inet6 fe80::215:5dff:feab:4d29 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 00:15:5d:ab:4d:29 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 5898 bytes 1405127 (1.3 MiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 35 bytes 2414 (2.3 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host> loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 ip addr (kali-linux on wsl) 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: bond0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,MASTER> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether 7e:1c:de:e7:d3:ac brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 3: dummy0: <BROADCAST,NOARP> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether 1a:65:36:61:31:f6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 4: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:15:5d:ab:4d:29 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.20.134.143/20 brd 172.20.143.255 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.1.69/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::215:5dff:feab:4d29/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 5: sit0@NONE: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000 link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0 thanks for reading and trying to help me I have been stuck on this whole ping problem and stuff for about a week

why the pid not split to an array in bash Posted: 19 Jul 2021 08:39 AM PDT I want to restart celery from server, because the celery has many process, to I write this script to query all process id and kill it: # # stop celery process # PID=`ps -ef|grep -w ${CELERY_PROGRAM_NAME}|grep -v grep|cut -c 9-15` if [ -z "${PID}" ]; then echo "Process aready down..." else array=(${PID//\n/}) for var in "${array[@]}" do single_pid=`echo ${var} | awk 'gsub(/^ *| *$/,"")' ` if [[ ${single_pid} -gt 1 ]]; then kill -15 "${single_pid}" else echo "Process ${PROGRAM_NAME} not found" fi done fi from the log, I found the pid did not convert to array, the next step did not split correctly. I run this script remotely from GitHub Actions. This is the log output from GitHub Actions: ======CMD====== cd /opt/apps/pydolphin . /opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh ======END====== err: +/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:16> PROGRAM_NAME=schedulespider.py err: +/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:17> CELERY_PROGRAM_NAME=celery err: +/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:18> PYTHON_BIN_PATH=/usr/bin/python3 err: +/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:23> PID=+/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:23> ps -ef err: +/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:23> PID=+/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:23> grep -w celery err: +/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:23> PID=+/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:23> grep -v grep err: +/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:23> PID=+/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:23> cut -c 9-15 err: +/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:23> PID=' 9777 err: 9778 err: 9779 err: 9865 err: 9867 err: 9868 ' err: +/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:24> [ -z ' 9777 err: 9778 err: 9779 err: 9865 err: 9867 err: 9868 ' ']' err: +/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:27> array=( ' 9777 err: 9778 err: 9779 err: 9865 err: 9867 err: 9868 ' ) err: +/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:28> var= 9777 err: 9778 err: 9779 err: 9865 err: 9867 err: 9868 err: +/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:30> single_pid=+/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:30> echo ' 9777 err: 9778 err: 9779 err: 9865 err: 9867 2021/07/19 06:00:52 Process exited with status 1 err: 9868 ' err: +/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:30> single_pid=+/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:30> awk 'gsub(/^ *| *$/,"")' err: +/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:30> single_pid='9777 err: 9778 err: 9779 err: 9865 err: 9867 err: 9868' err: +/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:31> [[ '9777 err: 9778 err: 9779 err: 9865 err: 9867 err: 9868' -gt 1/opt/apps/pydolphin/restart.sh:31: bad math expression: operator expected at `9778\n9779\n...' err: ]] I read my script and did not found where is going wrong, what should I do to make it work?

Create .desktop file that asks for command line options before running script Posted: 19 Jul 2021 09:40 AM PDT I have a script that I run from time to time which takes command line options. I wish to create a .desktop file that I can run without having to open a terminal first, navigate to the folder where the script is and then run the script. Is there a way to create a desktop launcher that when run, asks for the command line options (maybe using zenity --entry) and then runs the command in a terminal?

I have a file with filename paths in it. Some paths have spaces. How do I pipe each path into grep as an argument? Posted: 19 Jul 2021 09:46 AM PDT First, I think the fact that I'm using cygwin is highly relevant here. In theory, I already know how to do this: cat file | xargs grep pattern The problem is, some of the file paths in file have spaces and some of them have ~. The file looks like this: subdir/foo/bar.html subdir/f o o/ba r.html subdir/~foo/bar.html This causes errors. I read how to solve this: use xargs -0. But I don't know how to make cat output null terminated line endings, so i think that means it squashes the whole file into one line. As a result, it gives this error: xargs: argument line too long

Recursively remove extension from all files with specific extension Posted: 19 Jul 2021 10:02 AM PDT I have a directory with a bunch of subdirectories with a bunch of files with the extension .no_sub. I want to rename every file with extension .no_sub to the same name with .no_sub removed. So foo.no_sub -> foo. Can I do this in Bash? (I am on Ubuntu 20.04)

How to connect to old Samba-server with new smbclient? Posted: 19 Jul 2021 09:19 AM PDT A Linux-based multimedia-box I have runs smbd, which reports its version as 3.0.30. smbclient 4.10 used to be able to connect to it, but, after upgrading the client to 4.13.8, I'm getting NT_STATUS_CONNECTION_DISCONNECTED immediately upon startup... I'm sure, this is due to some option being disabled in the latest versions of Samba -- but which one? Can I enable it back by editing smb.conf (how?), or is it removed completely and I need to downgrade the client (to 4.12?)? With level-3 logging, as requested by @Marcus-Müller, I get: [2021/07/19 12:17:06, 3] ../../source3/param/loadparm.c:3963(lp_load_ex) lp_load_ex: refreshing parameters [2021/07/19 12:17:06, 3] ../../source3/param/loadparm.c:551(init_globals) Initialising global parameters [2021/07/19 12:17:06, 3] ../../source3/param/loadparm.c:2865(lp_do_section) Processing section "[global]" [2021/07/19 12:17:06, 1] ../../lib/param/loadparm.c:1872(lpcfg_do_global_parameter) lpcfg_do_global_parameter: WARNING: The "raw NTLMv2 auth" option is deprecated [2021/07/19 12:17:06, 1] ../../lib/param/loadparm.c:1872(lpcfg_do_global_parameter) lpcfg_do_global_parameter: WARNING: The "lanman auth" option is deprecated [2021/07/19 12:17:06, 1] ../../lib/param/loadparm.c:1872(lpcfg_do_global_parameter) lpcfg_do_global_parameter: WARNING: The "client use spnego" option is deprecated [2021/07/19 12:17:06, 2] ../../source3/lib/interface.c:345(add_interface) added interface bce1 ip=192.168.1.8 bcast=192.168.1.255 netmask=255.255.255.0 [2021/07/19 12:17:06, 2] ../../source3/lib/interface.c:345(add_interface) added interface ib0 ip=192.168.2.11 bcast=192.168.2.255 netmask=255.255.255.0 [2021/07/19 12:17:06, 2] ../../source3/lib/interface.c:345(add_interface) added interface ib1 ip=192.168.3.11 bcast=192.168.3.255 netmask=255.255.255.0 [2021/07/19 12:17:06, 3] ../../source3/client/client.c:6527(main) Client started (version 4.13.8). [2021/07/19 12:17:06, 2] ../../lib/tdb_wrap/tdb_wrap.c:64(tdb_wrap_log) tdb(/var/db/samba4/gencache.tdb): tdb_open_ex: could not open file /var/db/samba4/gencache.tdb: Permission denied [2021/07/19 12:17:06, 3] ../../source3/lib/util_sock.c:516(open_socket_out_send) Connecting to 192.168.1.167 at port 445

Only noise with alsa and pulseaudio Posted: 19 Jul 2021 08:44 AM PDT I've tried for multiple days to set up my headphones. Whenever I play something via aplay or speaker-test I only hear very loud white noise. I know it's not a hardware problem, because it worked with MS Windows. Here is my aplay -L output: null Discard all samples (playback) or generate zero samples (capture) samplerate Rate Converter Plugin Using Samplerate Library speexrate Rate Converter Plugin Using Speex Resampler jack JACK Audio Connection Kit oss Open Sound System pulse PulseAudio Sound Server speex Plugin using Speex DSP (resample, agc, denoise, echo, dereverb) upmix Plugin for channel upmix (4,6,8) vdownmix Plugin for channel downmix (stereo) with a simple spacialization default:CARD=PCH HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Analog Default Audio Device sysdefault:CARD=PCH HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Analog Default Audio Device front:CARD=PCH,DEV=0 HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Analog Front output / input surround21:CARD=PCH,DEV=0 HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Analog 2.1 Surround output to Front and Subwoofer speakers surround40:CARD=PCH,DEV=0 HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Analog 4.0 Surround output to Front and Rear speakers surround41:CARD=PCH,DEV=0 HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Analog 4.1 Surround output to Front, Rear and Subwoofer speakers surround50:CARD=PCH,DEV=0 HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Analog 5.0 Surround output to Front, Center and Rear speakers surround51:CARD=PCH,DEV=0 HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Analog 5.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Rear and Subwoofer speakers surround71:CARD=PCH,DEV=0 HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Analog 7.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Side, Rear and Woofer speakers iec958:CARD=PCH,DEV=0 HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Digital IEC958 (S/PDIF) Digital Audio Output usbstream:CARD=PCH HDA Intel PCH USB Stream Output hdmi:CARD=NVidia,DEV=0 HDA NVidia, HDMI 0 HDMI Audio Output hdmi:CARD=NVidia,DEV=1 HDA NVidia, HDMI 1 HDMI Audio Output hdmi:CARD=NVidia,DEV=2 HDA NVidia, HDMI 2 HDMI Audio Output hdmi:CARD=NVidia,DEV=3 HDA NVidia, HDMI 3 HDMI Audio Output hdmi:CARD=NVidia,DEV=4 HDA NVidia, HDMI 4 HDMI Audio Output hdmi:CARD=NVidia,DEV=5 HDA NVidia, HDMI 5 HDMI Audio Output hdmi:CARD=NVidia,DEV=6 HDA NVidia, HDMI 6 HDMI Audio Output usbstream:CARD=NVidia HDA NVidia USB Stream Output aplay -l output: **** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices **** card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: CA0132 Analog [CA0132 Analog] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 1: CA0132 Digital [CA0132 Digital] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 8: HDMI 2 [HDMI 2] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 9: HDMI 3 [HDMI 3] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 10: HDMI 4 [HDMI 4] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 11: HDMI 5 [HDMI 5] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 12: HDMI 6 [HDMI 6] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 my /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf: options snd-hda-intel model=auto amixer info: Card default 'PCH'/'HDA Intel PCH at 0xed920000 irq 164' Mixer name : 'Creative CA0132' Components : 'HDA:11020011,1458a046,00100918' Controls : 45 Simple ctrls : 25 amixer contents: numid=29,iface=CARD,name='Front Headphone Jack' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=r-------,values=1 : values=off numid=30,iface=CARD,name='Front Headphone Jack',index=1 ; type=BOOLEAN,access=r-------,values=1 : values=on numid=27,iface=CARD,name='Mic Phantom Jack' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=r-------,values=1 : values=on numid=28,iface=CARD,name='SPDIF Jack' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=r-------,values=1 : values=off numid=31,iface=CARD,name='SPDIF Phantom Jack' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=r-------,values=1 : values=on numid=2,iface=MIXER,name='Master Playback Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=2 : values=on,on numid=1,iface=MIXER,name='Master Playback Volume' ; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=2,min=0,max=99,step=0 : values=99,99 | dBscale-min=-90.00dB,step=1.00dB,mute=0 numid=45,iface=MIXER,name='PCM Playback Volume' ; type=INTEGER,access=rw---RW-,values=2,min=0,max=255,step=0 : values=255,255 | dBscale-min=-51.00dB,step=0.20dB,mute=0 numid=14,iface=MIXER,name='Surround Playback Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=on numid=22,iface=MIXER,name='Mic SVM Capture Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=off numid=9,iface=MIXER,name='Mic1-Boost (30dB) Capture Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=off numid=4,iface=MIXER,name='Capture Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=2 : values=off,off numid=3,iface=MIXER,name='Capture Volume' ; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=2,min=0,max=99,step=0 : values=99,99 | dBscale-min=-90.00dB,step=1.00dB,mute=0 numid=36,iface=MIXER,name='IEC958 Default PCM Playback Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=on numid=32,iface=MIXER,name='IEC958 Playback Con Mask' ; type=IEC958,access=r-------,values=1 : values=[AES0=0x0f AES1=0xff AES2=0x00 AES3=0x00] numid=33,iface=MIXER,name='IEC958 Playback Pro Mask' ; type=IEC958,access=r-------,values=1 : values=[AES0=0x0f AES1=0x00 AES2=0x00 AES3=0x00] numid=34,iface=MIXER,name='IEC958 Playback Default' ; type=IEC958,access=rw------,values=1 : values=[AES0=0x04 AES1=0x00 AES2=0x00 AES3=0x00] numid=35,iface=MIXER,name='IEC958 Playback Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=on numid=38,iface=MIXER,name='IEC958 Capture Default' ; type=IEC958,access=r-------,values=1 : values=[AES0=0x04 AES1=0x00 AES2=0x00 AES3=0x00] numid=37,iface=MIXER,name='IEC958 Capture Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=off numid=13,iface=MIXER,name='AMic1/DMic Auto Detect Capture Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=off numid=11,iface=MIXER,name='AMic1/DMic Capture Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=off numid=6,iface=MIXER,name='Analog-Mic2 Capture Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=2 : values=off,off numid=5,iface=MIXER,name='Analog-Mic2 Capture Volume' ; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=2,min=0,max=99,step=0 : values=90,90 | dBscale-min=-90.00dB,step=1.00dB,mute=0 numid=25,iface=MIXER,name='CrystalVoice Capture Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=off numid=15,iface=MIXER,name='Crystalizer Playback Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=off numid=16,iface=MIXER,name='Dialog Plus Playback Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=off numid=20,iface=MIXER,name='Echo Cancellation Capture Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=off numid=19,iface=MIXER,name='Equalizer Playback Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=off numid=12,iface=MIXER,name='HP/Speaker Auto Detect Playback Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=off numid=10,iface=MIXER,name='HP/Speaker Playback Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=off numid=23,iface=MIXER,name='Noise Reduction Capture Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=off numid=24,iface=MIXER,name='PlayEnhancement Playback Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=off numid=17,iface=MIXER,name='Smart Volume Playback Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=off numid=21,iface=MIXER,name='Voice Focus Capture Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=off numid=26,iface=MIXER,name='VoiceFX Capture Switch' ; type=ENUMERATED,access=rw------,values=1,items=14 ; Item #0 'Neutral' ; Item #1 'Female2Male' ; Item #2 'Male2Female' ; Item #3 'ScrappyKid' ; Item #4 'Elderly' ; Item #5 'Orc' ; Item #6 'Elf' ; Item #7 'Dwarf' ; Item #8 'AlienBrute' ; Item #9 'Robot' ; Item #10 'Marine' ; Item #11 'Emo' ; Item #12 'DeepVoice' ; Item #13 'Munchkin' : values=0 numid=8,iface=MIXER,name='What U Hear Capture Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=2 : values=off,off numid=7,iface=MIXER,name='What U Hear Capture Volume' ; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=2,min=0,max=99,step=0 : values=90,90 | dBscale-min=-90.00dB,step=1.00dB,mute=0 numid=18,iface=MIXER,name='X-Bass Playback Switch' ; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1 : values=off numid=40,iface=PCM,name='Capture Channel Map' ; type=INTEGER,access=r----R--,values=2,min=0,max=36,step=0 : values=0,0 | container | chmap-fixed=FL,FR numid=39,iface=PCM,name='Playback Channel Map' ; type=INTEGER,access=r----R--,values=2,min=0,max=36,step=0 : values=0,0 | container | chmap-fixed=FL,FR numid=44,iface=PCM,name='Capture Channel Map',device=1 ; type=INTEGER,access=r----R--,values=2,min=0,max=36,step=0 : values=0,0 | container | chmap-fixed=FL,FR numid=43,iface=PCM,name='Playback Channel Map',device=1 ; type=INTEGER,access=r----R--,values=2,min=0,max=36,step=0 : values=0,0 | container | chmap-fixed=FL,FR numid=41,iface=PCM,name='Capture Channel Map',device=2 ; type=INTEGER,access=r----R--,values=2,min=0,max=36,step=0 : values=0,0 | container | chmap-fixed=FL,FR numid=42,iface=PCM,name='Capture Channel Map',device=4 ; type=INTEGER,access=r----R--,values=2,min=0,max=36,step=0 : values=0,0 | container | chmap-fixed=FL,FR ls -la /dev/snd: total 0 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 440 Jul 17 23:01 . drwxr-xr-x 21 root root 4160 Jul 17 23:01 .. drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Jul 17 23:01 by-path crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 18 Jul 17 23:01 controlC0 crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 10 Jul 17 23:01 controlC1 crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 17 Jul 17 23:01 hwC0D0 crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 9 Jul 17 23:01 hwC1D0 crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 12 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC0D0c crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 11 Jul 17 23:34 pcmC0D0p crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 16 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC0D1c crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 15 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC0D1p crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 13 Jul 17 23:01 pcmC0D2c crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 14 Jul 17 23:01 pcmC0D4c crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 6 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC1D10p crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 7 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC1D11p crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 8 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC1D12p crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 2 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC1D3p crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 3 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC1D7p crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 4 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC1D8p crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 5 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC1D9p crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 1 Jul 17 23:01 seq crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 33 Jul 17 23:01 timer pactl info: Server String: /run/user/1000/pulse/native Library Protocol Version: 34 Server Protocol Version: 34 Is Local: yes Client Index: 5 Tile Size: 65472 User Name: jfuehrer Host Name: Jan-PC Server Name: pulseaudio Server Version: 14.2 Default Sample Specification: s16le 2ch 44100Hz Default Channel Map: front-left,front-right Default Sink: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo Default Source: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo.monitor Cookie: cf41:a508 My alsamixer: /proc/asound/card0/codec#0: Codec: Creative CA0132 Address: 0 AFG Function Id: 0x1 (unsol 1) Vendor Id: 0x11020011 Subsystem Id: 0x1458a046 Revision Id: 0x100918 No Modem Function Group found Default PCM: rates [0x0]: bits [0x0]: formats [0x0]: Default Amp-In caps: N/A Default Amp-Out caps: N/A State of AFG node 0x01: Power states: D0 D3 D3cold S3D3cold CLKSTOP EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 GPIO: io=0, o=0, i=0, unsolicited=1, wake=1 Node 0x02 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x49d: Stereo Amp-Out Device: name="CA0132 Analog", type="Audio", device=0 Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x5a, nsteps=0x63, stepsize=0x03, mute=1 Amp-Out vals: [0x63 0x63] Converter: stream=0, channel=0 PCM: rates [0x5e0]: 44100 48000 88200 96000 192000 bits [0xa]: 16 24 formats [0x1]: PCM Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Node 0x03 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x49d: Stereo Amp-Out Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x5a, nsteps=0x63, stepsize=0x03, mute=1 Amp-Out vals: [0x5a 0x5a] Converter: stream=0, channel=0 PCM: rates [0x5e0]: 44100 48000 88200 96000 192000 bits [0xa]: 16 24 formats [0x1]: PCM Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Node 0x04 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x49d: Stereo Amp-Out Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x5a, nsteps=0x63, stepsize=0x03, mute=1 Amp-Out vals: [0x5a 0x5a] Converter: stream=0, channel=0 PCM: rates [0x5e0]: 44100 48000 88200 96000 192000 bits [0xa]: 16 24 formats [0x1]: PCM Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Node 0x05 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x691: Stereo Digital Control: name="IEC958 Playback Con Mask", index=0, device=0 Control: name="IEC958 Playback Pro Mask", index=0, device=0 Control: name="IEC958 Playback Default", index=0, device=0 Control: name="IEC958 Playback Switch", index=0, device=0 Control: name="IEC958 Default PCM Playback Switch", index=0, device=0 Device: name="CA0132 Digital", type="SPDIF", device=1 Converter: stream=0, channel=0 Digital: Digital category: 0x0 IEC Coding Type: 0x0 PCM: rates [0x5e0]: 44100 48000 88200 96000 192000 bits [0xa]: 16 24 formats [0x5]: PCM AC3 Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Node 0x06 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x491: Stereo Converter: stream=0, channel=0 PCM: rates [0x5e0]: 44100 48000 88200 96000 192000 bits [0xa]: 16 24 formats [0x1]: PCM Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Node 0x07 [Audio Input] wcaps 0x10059b: Stereo Amp-In Device: name="CA0132 Analog", type="Audio", device=0 Amp-In caps: ofs=0x5a, nsteps=0x63, stepsize=0x03, mute=1 Amp-In vals: [0xe3 0xe3] Converter: stream=0, channel=0 SDI-Select: 0 PCM: rates [0x1e4]: 16000 44100 48000 88200 96000 bits [0xa]: 16 24 formats [0x1]: PCM Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 1 0x12 Node 0x08 [Audio Input] wcaps 0x10059b: Stereo Amp-In Control: name="Analog-Mic2 Capture Volume", index=0, device=0 ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0 Control: name="Analog-Mic2 Capture Switch", index=0, device=0 ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0 Device: name="CA0132 Analog Mic-In2", type="Audio", device=2 Amp-In caps: ofs=0x5a, nsteps=0x63, stepsize=0x03, mute=1 Amp-In vals: [0xda 0xda] Converter: stream=0, channel=0 SDI-Select: 0 PCM: rates [0x1e4]: 16000 44100 48000 88200 96000 bits [0xa]: 16 24 formats [0x1]: PCM Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 1 0x11 Node 0x09 [Audio Input] wcaps 0x100791: Stereo Digital Control: name="IEC958 Capture Switch", index=0, device=0 Control: name="IEC958 Capture Default", index=0, device=0 Device: name="CA0132 Digital", type="SPDIF", device=1 Converter: stream=0, channel=0 SDI-Select: 0 Digital: Digital category: 0x0 IEC Coding Type: 0x0 PCM: rates [0x1f0]: 32000 44100 48000 88200 96000 bits [0xa]: 16 24 formats [0x1]: PCM Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 1 0x0e Node 0x0a [Audio Input] wcaps 0x10079b: Stereo Digital Amp-In Control: name="What U Hear Capture Volume", index=0, device=0 ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0 Control: name="What U Hear Capture Switch", index=0, device=0 ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0 Device: name="CA0132 What U Hear", type="Audio", device=4 Amp-In caps: ofs=0x5a, nsteps=0x63, stepsize=0x03, mute=1 Amp-In vals: [0xda 0xda] Converter: stream=0, channel=0 SDI-Select: 0 Digital: Digital category: 0x0 IEC Coding Type: 0x0 PCM: rates [0x1ec]: 16000 22050 44100 48000 88200 96000 bits [0x1b]: 8 16 24 32 formats [0x1]: PCM Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 1 0x13 Node 0x0b [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400581: Stereo Pincap 0x00010010: OUT EAPD EAPD 0x2: EAPD Pin Default 0x01014010: [Jack] Line Out at Ext Rear Conn = 1/8, Color = Green DefAssociation = 0x1, Sequence = 0x0 Pin-ctls: 0x40: OUT Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 1 0x02 Node 0x0c [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400701: Stereo Digital Pincap 0x00000010: OUT Pin Default 0x014580f0: [Jack] SPDIF Out at Ext Rear Conn = Optical, Color = Purple DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0 Pin-ctls: 0x40: OUT Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 1 0x05 Node 0x0d [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400581: Stereo Pincap 0x00000014: OUT Detect Pin Default 0x014570f0: [Jack] SPDIF Out at Ext Rear Conn = Optical, Color = Yellow DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0 Pin-ctls: 0x00: Unsolicited: tag=04, enabled=1 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 1 0x06 Node 0x0e [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400681: Stereo Digital Pincap 0x00000020: IN Pin Default 0x01c530f0: [Jack] SPDIF In at Ext Rear Conn = Optical, Color = Blue DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0 Pin-ctls: 0x00: Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Node 0x0f [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400581: Stereo Pincap 0x0000001c: OUT HP Detect Pin Default 0x0221401f: [Jack] HP Out at Ext Front Conn = 1/8, Color = Green DefAssociation = 0x1, Sequence = 0xf Pin-ctls: 0x00: Unsolicited: tag=05, enabled=1 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 1 0x02 Node 0x10 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400581: Stereo Pincap 0x0000001c: OUT HP Detect Pin Default 0x02216011: [Jack] HP Out at Ext Front Conn = 1/8, Color = Orange DefAssociation = 0x1, Sequence = 0x1 Pin-ctls: 0x00: Unsolicited: tag=01, enabled=1 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 1 0x03 Node 0x11 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40058b: Stereo Amp-In Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x03, stepsize=0x27, mute=0 Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00] Pincap 0x00003734: IN OUT Detect Vref caps: HIZ 50 GRD 80 100 Pin Default 0x02012014: [Jack] Line Out at Ext Front Conn = 1/8, Color = Grey DefAssociation = 0x1, Sequence = 0x4 Pin-ctls: 0x24: IN VREF_80 Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 1 0x04 Node 0x12 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40048b: Stereo Amp-In Control: name="Mic1-Boost (30dB) Capture Switch", index=0, device=0 ControlAmp: chs=1, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0 Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x03, stepsize=0x27, mute=0 Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00] Pincap 0x00003724: IN Detect Vref caps: HIZ 50 GRD 80 100 Pin Default 0x37a791f0: [Jack] Mic at Oth Mobile-In Conn = Analog, Color = Pink DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0 Misc = NO_PRESENCE Pin-ctls: 0x24: IN VREF_80 Unsolicited: tag=02, enabled=1 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Node 0x13 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400681: Stereo Digital Pincap 0x00000020: IN Pin Default 0x908700f0: [Fixed] Line In at Int N/A Conn = Analog, Color = Unknown DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0 Pin-ctls: 0x20: IN Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Node 0x14 [Beep Generator Widget] wcaps 0x70040c: Mono Amp-Out Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x1f, nsteps=0x1f, stepsize=0x05, mute=1 Amp-Out vals: [0x1c] Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Node 0x15 [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00600: Mono Digital Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Node 0x16 [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00680: Mono Digital Unsolicited: tag=03, enabled=1 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Node 0x17 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x49d: Stereo Amp-Out Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x5a, nsteps=0x63, stepsize=0x03, mute=1 Amp-Out vals: [0x5a 0x5a] Converter: stream=0, channel=0 PCM: rates [0x5ec]: 16000 22050 44100 48000 88200 96000 192000 bits [0x1f]: 8 16 20 24 32 formats [0x1]: PCM Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Node 0x18 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400581: Stereo Pincap 0x00000010: OUT Pin Default 0x500000f0: [N/A] Line Out at Int N/A Conn = Unknown, Color = Unknown DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0 Pin-ctls: 0x00: Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0 Power states: D0 D3 EPSS Power: setting=D0, actual=D0 Connection: 1 0x17 I've tried connecting the headphones to the front and back headphone jack, but both just produce loud noise when playing a sound. When it goes back to idle the noise stops. I would be very grateful if somebody could help me. I've googling various things for days now.

How to add revision control to a Linux OS installation Posted: 19 Jul 2021 08:01 AM PDT I have an SD card image of an Armbian based Linux system. I have done several modifications at different places to this system and I'm looking for a solution to add some versioning information to this system and/or to track the changes of the system based on a given zero state. Are there any solutions to handle it?

systemd-journald[356]: Failed to open system journal: Operation not supported Posted: 19 Jul 2021 09:50 AM PDT My /var/log/syslog and dmesg is being filled with errors from systemd. Searching the internet for: systemd-journald "operation not supported", gives no valuable results. Here is a sample of my syslog Jul 16 03:03:20 gaming kernel: [12187.062877] systemd-journald[356]: Failed to open system journal: Operation not supported Jul 16 03:03:20 gaming kernel: [12187.072868] systemd-journald[356]: Failed to open system journal: Operation not supported Jul 16 03:03:20 gaming kernel: [12187.310756] systemd-journald[356]: Failed to open system journal: Operation not supported Jul 16 03:03:20 gaming kernel: [12187.321562] systemd-journald[356]: Failed to open system journal: Operation not supported Jul 16 03:03:20 gaming kernel: [12187.332766] systemd-journald[356]: Failed to open system journal: Operation not supported Jul 16 03:03:20 gaming kernel: [12187.342772] systemd-journald[356]: Failed to open system journal: Operation not supported Jul 16 03:03:23 gaming systemd[1]: Started Session c1192 of user pinker. Jul 16 03:03:24 gaming kernel: [12191.020723] systemd-journald[356]: Failed to open system journal: Operation not supported Jul 16 03:03:24 gaming kernel: [12191.030607] systemd-journald[356]: Failed to open system journal: Operation not supported Jul 16 03:03:24 gaming kernel: [12191.129098] systemd-journald[356]: Failed to open system journal: Operation not supported Jul 16 03:03:24 gaming kernel: [12191.138991] systemd-journald[356]: Failed to open system journal: Operation not supported Jul 16 03:03:24 gaming kernel: [12191.303171] systemd-journald[356]: Failed to open system journal: Operation not supported Jul 16 03:03:24 gaming kernel: [12191.313662] systemd-journald[356]: Failed to open system journal: Operation not supported Jul 16 03:03:24 gaming kernel: [12191.324551] systemd-journald[356]: Failed to open system journal: Operation not supported Jul 16 03:03:24 gaming kernel: [12191.334600] systemd-journald[356]: Failed to open system journal: Operation not supported Jul 16 03:03:24 gaming kernel: [12191.434910] systemd-journald[356]: Failed to open system journal: Operation not supported Jul 16 03:03:24 gaming kernel: [12191.444927] systemd-journald[356]: Failed to open system journal: Operation not supported OS: Ubuntu 18.04 using Overlayfs root. I've been running this setup for years without problem, but recently I added a btrfs raid1 to the system for extra storage. I suspect my issue may be related to the new storage. I'm not sure what other information to provide.

Gnome Applications menu doesn't reveal locations of apps Posted: 19 Jul 2021 09:10 AM PDT I've tried to use the following command, but it is missing the available applications listed in the Applications menu of the Gnome GUI/Desktop environment. I am not sure how to access the information for how these apps are being launched. In KDE or RHEL 6 Gnome (Gnome 2.x), it was easy to just right click on the application launcher and see the command it was using to launch the application. However with Gnome 3 on RHEL 8 I have had no such luck. rpm -qa

openSUSE 42.3 does not start up from USB - black screen after loading kernel Posted: 19 Jul 2021 08:04 AM PDT I tried to install openSUSE on my desktop PC and load openSUSE 42.3 to my USB stick by using SUSE Studio Imagewriter (my laptop is running openSUSE). However, after a while the screen turns black and nothing happens. My desktop PC loads the GRUB (at least it looks like GRUB) from USB and I choose the option Installation. The kernel seems to be loaded and things are printed on the screen. The last things printed on the screen before turning black are: >>> openSUSE Leap 42.3 installation program v5.0.104 (c) 1996-2016 SUSE LLC <<< Starting udev... After this, the PC seems to do nothing and my display turns black. First, I thought this was a problem of the USB stick, downloaded openSUSE a second time, checked its hash, and tried on my laptop (where everything seems to be OK) but nothing changed. Both, the DVD install and Net install showed the same issue or at least symptoms. So I assume it has something to do with my desktop PC. It has AMD CPU and NVidia graphics card (my laptop has both from Intel). Maybe this needs some special attention? Any suggestions what could be the problem or what to try next? Many thanks and have a nice day.

Failed to start the Apache service Posted: 19 Jul 2021 09:15 AM PDT When I'm trying to run the apache it is showing me this error: [manideep@localhost ~]$ sudo httpd -t Syntax OK [manideep@localhost ~]$ sudo service httpd start Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start httpd.service Job for httpd.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status httpd.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details. [manideep@localhost ~]$ sudo service httpd status Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status httpd.service ● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Sun 2017-03-05 15:52:12 PST; 6s ago Docs: man:httpd(8) man:apachectl(8) Process: 4115 ExecStop=/bin/kill -WINCH ${MAINPID} (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE) Process: 4110 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/httpd $OPTIONS -DFOREGROUND (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE) Main PID: 4110 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE) Mar 05 15:52:12 localhost.localdomain httpd[4110]: (98)Address already in use: AH00072: make_sock: could not bind to address [::]:80 Mar 05 15:52:12 localhost.localdomain httpd[4110]: (98)Address already in use: AH00072: make_sock: could not bind to address ...0.0:80 Mar 05 15:52:12 localhost.localdomain httpd[4110]: no listening sockets available, shutting down Mar 05 15:52:12 localhost.localdomain httpd[4110]: AH00015: Unable to open logs Mar 05 15:52:12 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: httpd.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE Mar 05 15:52:12 localhost.localdomain kill[4115]: kill: cannot find process "" Mar 05 15:52:12 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: httpd.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1 Mar 05 15:52:12 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start The Apache HTTP Server. Mar 05 15:52:12 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit httpd.service entered failed state. Mar 05 15:52:12 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: httpd.service failed. Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

Samba NT_STATUS_NO_TRUST_SAM_ACCOUNT Posted: 19 Jul 2021 09:07 AM PDT for a project we have several samba shares configured as following: [global] workgroup = <domain name> netbios name = <machine name> passdb backend = tdbsam security = ads encrypt passwords = yes realm = <fully qualified domain> password server = <ldap server ip> [Share1] path = <path> ...... The idea is that users connecting will be authenticated by the ldap server and every file written by them will be owned by a linux user with the same name. Apart from SAMBA the linux machine doesn't use ldap for anything else. Everything worked as expected, until something changed on the ldap server and we are now getting the NT_STATUS_NO_TRUST_SAM_ACCOUNT error. We are tying to comunicate with the ldap team but seeing that every other Active Directory authentication works we expect it will be our responsibility to change the samba configuration accordingly -_-" The guides I see around are pretty much all focused on installing and using an OpenLDAP server on the linux machine, which we don't need, or configuring linux authentication to use LDAP users internally or do complex mappings other than the username, which we also do not need. We are using samba 4.2, and it is known that upgrading to a more recent version didn't work with the above configuration (even before the ldap server changes). Are you aware of any other (maybe more correct) way to configure samba to have the requested behavior? What we need is just the LDAP server answering "user auth ok", no user mapping, no machine in the domain, no complex configuration.

make ACL to work perfectly Posted: 19 Jul 2021 10:02 AM PDT I know there are plenty of questions and answers about ACL and permissions, but to be honest they are so weak to make any coherent understanding! it's just like a mix of unorganized information. Hope this question will put an end to this confusion Problem: On my Ubuntu 14.04 web server, I want to: make all files/future_files with 640 permissions, all folders/future_folders with 750 permissions, AND make Admin:www-data the only default owners My solution: I used ACLs: setfacl -Rdm u:admin:rwX /path/to/parent //capital X apply for folders setfacl -Rdm g:www-data:rX /path/to/parent setfacl -Rdm o::- /path/to/parent now already existed files and folders take the rules perfectly. Issue: Now I am logged as user admin, when I make new directory it gets 770 not 750? And when I make new file it gets 660 not 640? Why isn't it adopting the rules!? Here is getfacl output: # owner: admin # group: www-data # flags: ss- user::rwx group::r-x other::--- default:user::rwx default:user:admin:rwx default:group::r-x default:group:www-data:r-x default:mask::rwx default:other::--- It looks like there is some conflict between rules! although I deleted all ACL before applying the new rules. P.S. I remember combining them in one command like below used to work... but it's not! etfacl -Rdm u:admin:rwX,g:www-data:rwX,o::- /path/to/parent If you know a correct short version please don't hesitate to provide :)

How can I test for POSIX compliance of shell scripts? Posted: 19 Jul 2021 10:07 AM PDT Considering that POSIX is the closest thing to a common standard among all unices, I'm interested in knowing if there's a shell that supports it exclusively. While most modern shells provide support for POSIX (and will run POSIX compliant scripts without any problem), they don't do a good job at pointing out non compliant features. Is there any shell that implements POSIX and POSIX only, in such a way that it'd throw an error for any non compliant feature? EDIT I want to clarify that I'm not asking for general tips for writing portable shell scripts. The related question mentionned in the comments already covered this. I thought of this question when I found out that bash has a --posix option but only to discover that it only affects some intialization behaviors which is not exactly what I'm looking for.

Uninstalling default VBoxGuestAdditions on Debian Posted: 19 Jul 2021 10:05 AM PDT When I ran sh /media/cdrom/VBoxLinuxAdditions.run I got the following warning message: You appear to have a version of the VBoxGuestAdditions software on your system which was installed from a different source or using a different type of installer. If you installed it from a package from your Linux distribution or if it is a default part of the system then we strongly recommend that you cancel this installation and remove it properly before installing this version. If this is simply and older or a damaged installation you may safely proceed. How do I uninstall the VBoxGuestAdditions that was a default part of Debian? Edit: After reading and trying out jw013's answer, I suspected that maybe I just didn't know the proper package names. I did a bit more searching, and found out that I can see the list of packages installed by running dpkg -l. So I ran dpkg -l | grep virtualbox then I got ii virtualbox-ose-guest-dkms ... ii virtualbox-ose-guest-utils ... ii virtualbox-ose-guest-x11 ... Then I removed each manually by running apt-get remove virtualbox-ose-guest-dkms virtualbox-ose-guest-utils virtualbox-ose-guest-x11 So far it looks like that might be the solution, though it's weird because when I run the command it wants to install 38 new packages, most of them with xserver related stuff. Edit2: I tried the above with a fresh install (reasonably minimal install -- used the businesscard.iso with nothing marked when tasksel came up) then followed the directions here, and everything worked perfectly!

bash multi line command with comments after the continuation character Posted: 19 Jul 2021 10:03 AM PDT Consider echo \ # this is a comment foo This gives: $ sh foo.sh # this is a comment foo.sh: line 2: foo: command not found After some searching on the web, I found a solution by DigitalRoss on sister site Stack Overflow. So one can do echo `: this is a comment` \ foo or alternatively echo $(: this is a comment) \ foo However, DigitalRoss didn't explain why these solutions work. I'd appreciate an explanation. He replied with a comment: There used to be a shell goto command which branched to labels specified like : here. The goto is gone but you can still use the : whatever syntax ... : is a sort of parsed comment now. But I'd like more details and context, including a discussion of portability. Of course, if anyone has other solutions, that would be good too. See also the earlier question How to comment multi-line commands in shell scripts?. Take home message from the discussion below. The `: this is a comment` is just a command substitution. The output of : this is a comment is nothing, and that gets put in the place of `: this is a comment`. A better choice is the following: echo `# this is a comment` \ foo

Execute a command once per line of piped input? Posted: 19 Jul 2021 07:38 AM PDT I want to run a java command once for every match of ls | grep pattern -. In this case, I think I could do find pattern -exec java MyProg '{}' \; but I'm curious about the general case - is there an easy way to say "run a command once for every line of standard input"? (In fish or bash.)

Do we have an undo in Linux? Posted: 19 Jul 2021 08:47 AM PDT I renamed a few files in one batch script. Is there a way to undo the changes without having to rename them back? Does Linux provide some native way of undoing?

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